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Open agro-burning in Asia and potential impact on air quality and climate

Open agro-burning in Asia and potential impact on air quality and climate. Kim Oanh N.T. Asian Institute of Technology Thailand. BAQ06-Yogjakarta. Highlights. Agro-residue burning and emission AIRPET findings on biomass burning contribution to urban particulate pollution

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Open agro-burning in Asia and potential impact on air quality and climate

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  1. Open agro-burning in Asia and potential impact on air quality and climate Kim Oanh N.T. Asian Institute of Technology Thailand BAQ06-Yogjakarta

  2. Highlights • Agro-residue burning and emission • AIRPET findings on biomass burning contribution to urban particulate pollution • Rice straw burning emission and air quality • Emission characterization and study on health effects and climate change properties at AIT

  3. Methodology

  4. Emission from Biomass Burning • Emission of large amount of PIC including CO, VOC, semi-VOC, fine PM • Local effects: health, visibility • PM • Toxic gases: CO, VOC, PAH, etc. • Regional and global effects

  5. O3 Pollution Trend in BMR with highest levels in 1997 Statistics of hourly O3 from ambient stations in BMR

  6. Rice Straw Open Burning in Field • In many places: USA, Japan, Asia • Cheap and fast way for land clearing and some nutrient recovery • Asian developing countries • Increase in burning areas and frequency • Regulations: very limited to none • High emission due to incomplete combustion • Effects could be substantial but not yet properly quantified

  7. Rice straw burning in Thailand New sources in Vietnam ? VN Express, 2005

  8. PM2.5 and PM10 in six Asian cities • Findings of AIRPET http://serd.ait.ac.th/airpet • High PM levels, especially during dry season • Source apportionment study for PM identified high contribution from biomass burning (20-30% PM2.5) • Correlation between CO, PM10 and maximum hourly ozone in BMR and hotspot counts

  9. PM2.5 in 6 AIRPET cities USEPA 24h STD: 65 ug/m3 Annual: 15 ug/m3

  10. Hotspot detected by MODIS in year 2004 overlaid landuse map of BMR Phuong, 2006 (AIT thesis)

  11. Hot spots and monthly average air pollutants in Pathumthani (April 03 – April 04) PM10 CO Danutawat and Kim Oanh, 2006

  12. Daily hot spot count and daily air pollution in Pathumthani (1 February – 31 March 04) 24h-PM10 24h-CO Danutawat and Kim Oanh, 2006

  13. Hotspot counts and maximum hourly ozone in BMR, March 2004 Phuong, 2006 (AIT thesis)

  14. Emission characterization and exposure study by AIT team

  15. PM emission from rice straw burning PM size distribution Kim Oanh et al. 2006

  16. Estimated climate impact of rice straw open burning per ha of rice paddy Example: 200,000 ha x 2 crops/year in BMR

  17. Acknowledgement • Swedish International Development Agency • Fogarty research foundation

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