Rupert et al. fig 21-23

Rupert et al. fig 21-23 Collembola Thysanura Ephemeroptera Odonata Neoptera “Apterygota” Pterygota Entognatha Insecta Hexapoda

Collembola (springtails)

Class Insecta Apterygota – silverfish and fire brats Pterygota – everything else

Order OdonataDragonflies and Damselflies Fossils data back 300 my Some had wingspan of 720mm

On-line identification key: http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/bio/insects/drgnfly/idkey/1.htm Dragonfly (Anisoptera) Damselfly (zygoptera)

Together with the mayflies form the paleoptera • Cannot fold wings onto back, wings finely veined • Aquatic, hemimetabolous larva (wings evolved from modified gills?)

Odonata • Voracious predators as larvae and adults • Larvae are dominant predator in fishless systems • Adults usually found near water • Food availability • Territories for mating, oviposition sites

Neoptera (= new wings) • Can fold their wings flat onto their back • Wing venation reduced, simplified

O. Plecoptera (pleco=stone) • Larvae found in clean flowing water (used as important indicators of water quality) • Larvae are predators, scavengers • adults feed little, if at all, live for only a few days

Orders Orthoptera, Phasmida, Grylloblatteria, Dermaptera • = the orthopteroids, the lower neoptera • Polyphyletic group united by similarity in mouthparts and great abundance of malpighian tubules

Orthoptera = grasshoppers, crickets, katydids, locusts

Orthoptera: ortho=perpendicular • Very common, have jumping legs • Some are important crop pests • Have well-developed organs for sound detection and production (mating calls) Ear

Leaf mimic katydid

O. Phasmida – leaf and sticks insects

Phasmida • Extraordinary mimics of vegetation • Can be parthenogenic • Sold as pets!

O. Grylloblattaria – ice bugs and rock crawlers • Gryllus = cricket-like • Blattaria = cockroach-like • Wingless • Thought to be ancestral to Orthoptera and Blatteria

O. Dermaptera = earwigs • Common earwig = European import • Leathery forewings, membranous hindwings • omnivorous

Zoraptera • Tropical • Live in rotting wood • Eat fungal hyphae, tiny arthropods • Poorly studied

Isoptera - termites

Rupert et al. fig 21-23

Rupert et al. fig 21-23

Presentation Transcript

Rozas et al. Fig. 1

Supplement Fig . 1. Kim et al.

Tholen et al ., Sup . Fig. S1

Rezzonico et al. – Fig. S1A

Fig. S1; Ritter et al. 2010

Miao et al., Fig. S1

Gesell et al., Suppl. Fig. 1

Brückner et al., Fig. 1b

Fig. 7 Royer et al.

Fig. S1. Ki et al .,

Brückner et al., Fig. 3

Fig. 1, Lambotin et al.

Fig. S1. Weng et al.

Fig. S1. (Zhu et al.)

Rezzonico et al. – Fig. S2

Pennacchietti et al. Suppl. Fig. 3

Fig. S1 . Lee. et. al.

Pennacchietti et al. Suppl. Fig. 5

Fig. S1 . Okubo et al.

Supplementary Fig. 1, Deo et al

Fig. S4 Swarup et al

Imamura et al. Fig. S1A