Argument Writing

1. Argument Writing An Introductory Guide for Middle School Students

2. An argument in writing • IS DIFFERENT THAN ARGUING WITH A PARENT OR FRIEND

3. Characteristics of Argument Writing • Convinces reader claim is true • Uses evidence—facts and data • Acknowledges counterclaims—the other side of the argument

4. An Effective Claim • Takes a clear position • Has two sides • Is narrow enough to be supported within essay • Can be supported by facts or citations from a text

5. Types of Claims • Cause and effect—a person, thing, or event caused something else to happen • Example: Rikki Tikki Tavi’s victory over the snakes was the result of his natural abilities as a mongoose, rather than his desire to protect the people in the cottage.

6. Types of Claims • Claims of definition or fact—argue what a definition is or if something is really a fact • Example: In the story, “Gift of the Magi,” by O. Henry, the two characters provide an outstanding illustration what what foolish is.

7. Types of Claims • Claims about values—argue the worth of something and if it is valued. • While Perrault’s “Cinderella” is an interesting story, it is a second-rate story when compared to Grimm’s Cinderella version.

8. Types of Claims • Claims about solutions or policies—argue for or against certain approaches to problems. • Example: The Capulets have their daughter’s well-being in mind when they follow tradition and make arrangements for her to marry Paris.

9. Addressing the counterclaim… • Refutes or proves wrong, another point • Recognizes the other side’s points • Lends credence to the writer’s claims

10. Components of Effective Argument Writing? • Clear and forceful claim • Well-constructed argument • Strong textual support with lucid explanations of text support • Addresses counterclaims • Strong conclusion