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English Language Arts Level 7 #3

English Language Arts Level 7 #3. Today’s Objectives. Prefixes Parts of Speech – The Adjective and the Pronoun - Sentence Building Idiom of the Day. Three New Prefixes. Our new prefixes for today are; “ Mis -” (wrong, bad) “ Post -” (after) “ Pre -” (before). The Prefix Mis- ”.

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English Language Arts Level 7 #3

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  1. English Language ArtsLevel 7 #3

  2. Today’s Objectives • Prefixes • Parts of Speech – The Adjective and the Pronoun - • Sentence Building • Idiom of the Day

  3. Three New Prefixes • Our new prefixes for today are; • “Mis-” (wrong, bad) • “Post-” (after) • “Pre-” (before)

  4. The Prefix Mis-” • “Mis-” at the beginning of a word means wrong, wrongly, bad, badly. • Mistreat: to treat wrongly or badly; • Misunderstand: to understand wrongly; • Misplace: to place something wrongly; • Misspell to spell a word wrongly.

  5. Using words that begin with the prefix “Mis-” • It is not good to mistreat your pet. • I must have misplaced the envelope, because I can’t find it. • Sometimes the word their is misspelled as the word there.

  6. The Prefix “Post-” • ”Post-” at the beginning of a word means, after. • Postdate: a date after the current date • Postwar: after a war • Postnatal: after a birth. • Postoperative: after an operation

  7. Words that begin with the Prefix “Post-” • I will write the check today, but I will postdate it for next week. • The two countries entered into postwar negotiations. • After surgery, patients receive postoperative instructions.

  8. The Prefix “Pre-” • Pre- at the beginning of a word means “before” • Prefix: to place in front of • Predict: to tell before it happens • Preview: to view before • Prehistoric: before history was written • Prenatal: before birth

  9. Word Usage“Pre-” • A prefix comes at the beginning of a word. • There is no way to predict the future. • We saw a preview of the movie before it was released. • Dinosaurs lived during prehistoric times.

  10. Assignment • Using the internet or a dictionary find three new words that begin with “mis-”; three new words that begin with “post-”; and three new words that begin with “pre-”.

  11. Assignment • Prefixes “mis-” “post-” and “pre-” • Write one sentence each for a word that begins with “mis-,” a word that begins with “post-,” and a word that begins with “pre-.”

  12. Break

  13. Part 2 – Grammar: • Parts of Speech • The Adjective

  14. Adjectives • Adjectives are words that describe. As discussed in a previous lesson, an adjective modifies (describes) a noun. An adjective tells “what kind of,” “how much,” how many, which, etc. The Articles — a,an, and the — are adjectives.

  15. Diagramming Adjectives • In a previous lesson, you were asked to add an additional adjective to your diagram to give more information about the subject and object nouns. Take out your diagrammed sentences.

  16. Add a New Adjective • 1. The boy wrote a story. • boy wrote story • 2. The mother made cookies. • mothermadecookies Verb adjective adjective adjective adjective Verb adjective adjective adjective adjective

  17. Assignment • Add another adjective to your diagrammed sentences. • Example: The handsome, smart boy wrote a scary,Halloween story. Diagram to show the adjectives.

  18. Example Answer • 1. boy wrote story • Add an additional adjective to the following diagrams: a The scary Halloween smart handsome

  19. The mother made cookies. • The happy, pleasant mother made delicious chocolate chip cookies. • mothermadecookies The happy chocolate chip delicious pleasant

  20. Add Modifiers (Adjectives) • 3. The girl likes candy. • girl likes candy • 4. The car made a noise. • car made noise Verb adjective adjective adjective adjective Verb adjective adjective adjective adjective

  21. 3. The pretty, Indian girl likes sweet, peppermint candy.girl likes candy The pretty sweet Indian peppermint

  22. 4. The expensive, new car made a loud, grinding noise. • car made noise a loud The new expensive grinding

  23. Did You Notice? • We added additional adjectives to our basic sentences to enhance the information.

  24. Adjective Rules • Adjectives can come before nouns: a new car • Adjectives can come after verbs such as be, become, seem, and look: That car looks fast.

  25. Adjective Rules • Adjectives can be modified by adverbs: a very expensive car • Adjectives can be used as complements to a noun: the extras make the car expensive

  26. Types of Adjectives • Comparative Adjectives • Superlative Adjectives • Demonstrative Adjectives • Possessive Adjectives • Predicate Adjectives

  27. Comparative Adjectives • The Comparative adjective or adverb is the form used to compare two things. To create a comparative adjective, remember to add “-er” to the end of a short adjective or more, before longer adjectives.

  28. Comparative Examples • Tom’s coat is newer than Bill’s. (Two things are being compared. With the shorter word “new,” add “-er.” • Many students find writing more difficult than reading. With longer word, “Difficult” add “more.”

  29. Superlative Adjectives • Three or more things must be compared to use the superlative form. It takes the definite article (the). • Add “-est” to short adjectives. Use “most” with longer adjectives.

  30. Superlative Examples • High, Higher, Highest • Long, Longer, Longest • Difficult, More Difficult, Most Difficult • Expensive, More Expensive, Most Expensive

  31. Superlative Usage Examples • Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. (Three or more things are being compared.) • It is the most expensive restaurant I've ever been to. (Use “most” with longer adjectives.)

  32. Demonstrative Adjectives • This, That, These, Those • A demonstrative adjective indicates whether something is near or far from the speaker or writer and also shows singular or plural. • The words above are also used as pronouns.

  33. Demonstrative Adjectives • Demonstrative adjectives modify or describe nouns. • This book (singular, near) • That book (singular, distant) • These books (plural, near) • Those books (plural, distant)

  34. Demonstrative Adjectives • Could you pass me those leaflets? (adjective) • Give me that. (pronoun) • (“Those” describes leaflets which makes it an adjective. “That” does not describe, therefore, “that” is a pronoun.)

  35. Possessive Adjectives • Possessive adjectives are also called possessive pronouns that are used to describe. They are placed in the modifier (adjective) position in the diagram.

  36. Possessive Adjectives • My, your, his, her, its, our, and their are possessive adjectives, used with nouns to show possession or ownership. • That is my folder. (My is an adjective which shows that I am the owner of the folder.)

  37. Diagram the Possessive Form • My coat is in the closet. • coat is • Notice that “my” is in the adjective (modifier) position. in My closet the

  38. Predicate Adjectives • The following are Linking Verbs that can be used to connect the subject to an adjective and are, therefore called predicate adjectives. • Be; Look; Feel; Taste; Smell; Sound; Seem; Appear; Get; Become; Grow; Stay; Keep; Turn; Prove; Go; Remain; Resemble; Run

  39. Predicate Adjective • An adjective that comes after a linking verb, but describes the noun • That food smells nice. • (“Smells,” is a linking verb, that connects the subject (food) to the adjective nice.)

  40. Predicate Adjective • Example Diagram • That food smells nice. • food smellsnice That

  41. Grammar: • Parts of Speech • Pronouns • And • Sentence Building

  42. The Pronoun • A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. It can be used in one of three places on the diagram, the Subject, Object, or Possessive cases. • Pronouns can also be used as adjectives.

  43. Types of Pronouns • Personal Pronoun - I, you, he, she, it, etc.. • Possessive Pronoun - mine, yours, his, theirs, ours, etc.. • Reflexive Pronoun - myself, yourself, herself, himself, etc..

  44. Types of Pronouns • Demonstrative Pronoun - this, that, these, those • Interrogative Pronoun - who, what, etc.. • Relative Pronoun - who, whose, which, that, etc..

  45. Personal Pronouns • These pronouns take the place of common and proper nouns: • He, She, You, We, They and It take the place of nouns in the sentence.

  46. Personal Pronouns • Personal pronouns stand in place of the names of people or things: I, you, he, she, it, we, they, etc. Let’s look at our diagrammed sentences: • The boy wrote a story.

  47. Using the Personal Pronoun • The pronoun “he” takes the place of “boy.” • boy wrote story • he wrote story Subject

  48. Using the Personal Pronoun • The princess wore a hat. The pronoun “she” takes the place of “princess.” • princess wore hat • she wore hat Subject

  49. Using the Personal Pronoun • The car made a noise. The pronoun “it” takes the place of “car.” • car made noise • it made noise Subject

  50. Assignment • Change the following subjects of the sentences from nouns to pronouns, and show the change in a diagram. • The bees made honey. • The mother made cookies.

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