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About Volcanoes

About Volcanoes. Explorers Club Ray Jackson. Volcano Facts. An opening in the earth’s outer layer or crust from which melted rock, called lava, and gases erupt Eruptions often form a cone or mountain Thousands of active, inactive, and extinct volcanoes in the world

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About Volcanoes

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  1. About Volcanoes Explorers Club Ray Jackson

  2. Volcano Facts • An opening in the earth’s outer layer or crust from which melted rock, called lava, and gases erupt • Eruptions often form a cone or mountain • Thousands of active, inactive, and extinct volcanoes in the world • About 1,500 active volcanoes have erupted in the last 10,000 years

  3. Volcano Facts • The world’s tallest volcanic mountain is Mauna Loa, Hawaii

  4. Volcano Facts • The world’s largest eruption • Yellowstone • More than 2 million years ago • The most destructive modern eruption • In 1815 • Mount Tambora, Indonesia • More than 90,000 casualties

  5. Volcano Facts • Volcanic Explosivity Index • VEI measures magnitude of explosive volcanic eruptions • Scale of 0-8 with 8 being the most powerful and 0 being the least powerful • Considers volume of pyroclastic material, the amount of ash, height of eruption, and duration of explosion

  6. VEI Comparison

  7. Volcano Facts • Most powerful modern eruptions: • Mount Tambora, Indonesia in 1815 (VEI=7) • Santorini, Greece in 1628 (VEI=6) • Krakatau, Indonesia in 1883 (VEI=6) • Santa Maria, Guatemala in 1902 (VEI=6) • Mount St. Helens, U.S in 1980 (VEI=5) • Vesuvius, Italy in 79 (VEI=5) • Pinatubo, Philippines in 1991 (VEI=5)

  8. Sources • “Volcanoes of the World,” Smithsonian Institution, http://www.volcano.si.edu/gvp/world (accessed April 23, 2006). • “Volcanoes,” U.S. Geological Survey, June 24, 2003, http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/framework.html (accessed April 23, 2006).

  9. Sources • “Volcano World.” Oregon State.http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/ (23 April 23 20--). • “Photo Glossary of Volcano Terms.” U.S. Geological Survey, 30 September 1999. http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/(23 April 20--).

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