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Learning and Culture Flourish

Learning and Culture Flourish. Section 8-4 pp. 262-268. Preview Questions. How did medieval universities advance learning? How did “new” learning affect medieval thought? What styles of art, literature, and architecture developed in the High Middle Ages? . Medieval Universities.

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Learning and Culture Flourish

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  1. Learning and Culture Flourish Section 8-4 pp. 262-268

  2. Preview Questions • How did medieval universities advance learning? • How did “new” learning affect medieval thought? • What styles of art, literature, and architecture developed in the High Middle Ages?

  3. Medieval Universities • Early Universities • Evolved from cathedral schools established to train clergy members • Organized like guilds • Charters protected rights of members • Standards for training

  4. Medieval Universities • Student Life • Long hours and harsh conditions • Focused on memorization • Studied several liberal arts • Could eventually become a “master” of the arts

  5. Medieval Universities • Women and Education • Women were not allowed to attend universities, which greatly limited their opportunities • Christine de Pizan: Famous author who wrote The City of Ladies about the capabilities of women • Women were expected to remain at home and use their “natural gifts”

  6. Europeans Acquire “New” Learning • Spread of Learning • Muslim scholars preserved “classic” works of Greece • Jews in Spain translated these works into Latin, sparking a new interest in learning

  7. Europeans Acquire “New” Learning • Philosophy • Christians struggled to adopt Aristotle’s teachings of truth based on reason. • Scholasticism • Using reason to support religious beliefs • Popularized by St. Thomas Aquinas’ Summa Theologica

  8. Europeans Acquire “New” Learning • Science and Math • Scientific progress was slow because some knowledge conflicted with Church teachings • Mathematic advances were adopted from Arabic culture

  9. Europeans Acquire “New” Learning • Medieval Literature • New writings appeared in the vernacular, or everyday languages of ordinary people • Epics told stories of heroic deeds • Ex: Song of Roland and El Cid • Dante’s Divine Comedy • Imaginary journey into hell and purgatory • Idea: Actions in this life determine fate in afterlife • Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales • Tale of Christians on a pilgrimage • Characters represent different medieval social roles

  10. Architecture and Art • Romanesque Style • Thick Walls • Semi-circular arches • Towers • Dark and gloomy Romanesque Cathedral in Lisbon, Portugal

  11. Architecture and Art • Gothic Style • Higher walls • Stained glass windows • Tall Spires • Supported by flying buttresses • Intricate carvings • Gargoyles Reims Cathedral in France

  12. Flying Buttresses of Cathedral Notre Dame de Chartres

  13. East View of Notre Dame de Paris and Its Flying Buttresses

  14. Gargoyles outside of Notre Dame de Paris

  15. North Rose Window Inside Notre Dame de Paris

  16. Illuminated Manuscripts • Illumination: Artistic decoration of books Illustration of the Annunciation from the Book of Hours

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