Strengthening actions for effective implementation of anti-corruption measures:

1. Strengthening actions for effective implementation of anti-corruption measures: Maintaining the pressure Global Forum V Sandton, South Africa 04 April 2007 Hennie van Vuuren Corruption & Governance Programme Institute for Security Studies

2. What is necessary to ensure that • implementation measures are sustainable? • What are the resource implications of • becoming party to International • Agreements? • Political will is shaped by public agitation Presentation Overview www.issafrica.org

3. Sustainability: The preconditions Establish a sound basis for a National Integrity System: Recognise that inequality matters Towards political will Beware the blind spots - private is public Look back, face forward www.issafrica.org

4. Sustainability: The preconditions • “Power does not corrupt. Fear corrupts… • perhaps the fear of loss of power” • - John Steinbeck • Inequality matters: • The wealth gap is key to tackling corruption • This together with rampant consumerism is a key • determinant of corruption • Corrupted elites will not be dislodged if economic • inequality is not tackled head-on www.issafrica.org

5. Sustainability: The preconditions • Towards political wilI: • Don’t politicise anti-corruption • It is not not a means unto itself - must • become element of developmental approach • Popularise Anti-Corruption • Show that it works: Sequence reform and sustain • quick wins • Tackle the big fish • Start process to repatriate assets for development • Ensure that political parties see a benefit in • tackling corruption www.issafrica.org

6. Sustainability: The preconditions • Beware the blind spot - Private is public: • Private sector corruption - as important as public • The criminilisation of private sector crimes should • be regarded as mandatory • Focus on private interest politics: • Strictly regulate the assets and interests of • politicians • Strict rules to regulate and cap the private • funding of political parties • Complement OECD Convention with multilateral • response by developing countries to corrupt • corporations www.issafrica.org

7. Sustainability: The preconditions • “…[wo]men make their own history, but they do not make it as they please; they do not make it under self-selected circumstances, but under circumstances existing already, given and transmitted from the past. • The tradition of all dead generations weighs like a nightmare • on the brains of the living” • Karl Marx • Look back - face forward: • Tackle entrenched culture of corruption • Unsettle elite structures • Create a culture of punishing impunity • Some moves in the right direction: Indonesia, • Nigeria, Peru etc. www.issafrica.org

8. Save on resources: • Identify partners in civil society, academics, technical assistance agencies and IGO’s that can provide training and technical assistance • Cut costs: Implement Conventions concurrently • Sequence reforms & develop integrated anti- corruption strategies Resource implications www.issafrica.org

9. Prioritise resource allocation: • Law making process • Functioning of institutions including the independent anti-corruption agency/ies • Involvement and education of civil society • Commit to sustainable funding model for building institutions and enforcing law • Undertake a cost benefit analysis of building institutions and enforcing law Resource implications www.issafrica.org

10. Prioritise cohesion between within civil society before coalitions with government and the private sector • Civil society and media play crucial role in awareness raising and monitoring - focus on the local level • Promote participatory governance at the local level Public agitation: voices from below www.issafrica.org

11. Strengthening actions for effective implementation of anti-corruption measures: Maintaining the pressure Global Forum V Sandton, South Africa 04 April 2007 Hennie van Vuuren Corruption & Governance Programme Institute for Security Studies