Complements

1. Complements Direct Objects Indirect Objects Subject Complements

2. What is a Complement Is it like… Peanut butter complements jelly? Ketchup complements French fries? Milk complements cereal? No, it is not like these complements.

3. Complements A complement completes the meaning of a subject and verb. Tracyfed. Thatis.. Itseems. Tracyfed the lizard. Thatis a problem. Itseems sick. Complete thoughts Incomplete thoughts

4. Complement #1: Direct Objects A Direct Object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb. To find a D.O. ask: • What? or Whom? My older brother found a grass snake. *grass snake answers the question Found what? I told Ricky not to take it home. *Ricky answer the question Told whom?

5. Complement #1: Direct Objects The lizard eats crickets and other bugs. Answers: __________? The committee chose Mrs. Franks, Mr. Lynch and Ms. Rossi to organize the reptile show. Answers: __________?

6. Complement #1: Direct Objects • Scales cover a snake’s body. • Snakes do not have legs or arms. • Snakes lose their fangs periodically. • Some species also shed their skin. • Snakes eat rats, mice, and frogs.

7. Complement #1: Direct Objects Finding Direct Objects in a question. Sentence with normal word order A snakes does eat what. You do like which T-shirt. You did meet whom in the cafeteria. Questions What does a snake eat? Which T-shirt do you like? Whom did you meet in the cafeteria?

8. Complements #1: Direct Objects Finding Direct Objects in Questions • Whom did you invite to come with us? • What will you do with those interesting photographs? • Which reptile do you like? • Which species of reptile shall we visit first? • What should we see next?

9. Complement #2: Indirect Objects An indirect object is a noun or pronoun that comes after an action verb and before a direct object. It names the person or thing that something is given to or done for. To find an I.O. ask: • To or for whom? or To or for what? Lucy told him the news. Told to whom? Answer: him I gave each paper a number. Gave to what? Answer: paper

10. Complement #2: Indirect Objects Most sentences with I.O.s will follow this pattern: Subject + Action Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object An I.O. will almost always come between the verb and the direct object.

11. Complement #2: Indirect Objects Lizzy Yesterday, I gave John a pet lizard. He will give his pet special treats. We gave his lizard the name Lizzy. John told his brother and sister details about Lizzy. We made Lizzy a new home.

12. Complement #2: Indirect Objects Mr. Benson assigned Steve and me a report on snakes. We gave Mary and Keisha a book with facts on crocodiles. We asked Mr. Benson and Tom some questions. Mr. Benson showed Lucy and me several Internet sources. I will read the class and my family my report.

13. Complement #3: Subject Complement A subject complement is a noun, a pronoun or an adjective that follows a linking verb and tells something about the subject. A subject complement either renames the subject or describes the subject. A lizardis a reptile. Stevewas one (of the best lizards. ) * the S.C. cannot be within a prepositional phrase Her story seems strange to us. Komodo dragons are huge.

14. Complement #3: Subject Complement • The largest lizard is the Komodo dragon. • Komodo dragons are huge monsters. • The dragon’s home is the Indonesian island of Komodo. • The Komodo dragon is really one type of lizard – the monitor. • The second largest monitor lizard is Australia’s giant perentie.

15. Complement #3: Subject Complement • The long, thin cobra is olive brown. • It is unbelievably scary. • This snake’s bit can be lethal. • It is extremely poisonous. • The music of the snake charmer is enchanting.

16. Complement #3: Subject Complement • The diamondback rattlesnake is large and dangerous. • Rattlesnakes grow long and heavy. • They appear both beautiful and frightening. • Rattlesnakes are poisonous and carnivorous. • A rattlesnake’s prey can be rabbits, mice, or gophers.

17. Pg. 419 Ex. 44 Identify the Direct Object(s) in each sentence. . • Rattlesnakes frighten people. • The sun warms their skin and their blood. • Whose opinion do you value on the care and feeding of snakes? • Their rattles warn people and other intruders of their presence. • They use rocks and trees to conceal themselves. • Their tongues sense temperature changes and people. • I will take you to find more information on snakes. • Before eating prey, poisonous snakes paralyze it. • If undisturbed, rattlesnakes won’t attack us. • Large birds of prey eat snakes and other small reptiles.

18. Pg. 419 Ex. 45Identify the Subject Complement in each sentence. • My friend is knowledgeable and concerned about hawksbill turtles. • It was he and I who wrote a report on them. • The hawksbill is passive and graceful. • Its natural habitat is warm seas. • This species is neither quick nor powerful.

19. Pg. 420 Ex. 54Identify each complement and tell whether it is a DO, IO or SC. • Serious runners often run marathons. • Marathon runners are dedicated. • They are outstanding athletes. • Spectators at a marathon give the runners encouragement. • Their cheers add excitement to the race. • A runner usually feels tired but proud at the end of a marathon. • In a way, each participant is a winner. • Big marathons make news throughout the world. • Many marathons raise money for charities. • The organizers of these marathons are busy people.