1 / 15

UNDERSTANDING THE NUCLEUS

UNDERSTANDING THE NUCLEUS. Rutherford scattering. models. Chain reaction. Chain reaction. next. previous. smart. CHAIN REACTION. NUCLEAR FISSION IS WHEN A URANIUM NUCLEUS IS SPLIT BY A BOMBARDING NEUTRON. The nucleus splits into 2 smaller nuclei. Energy is released each time

yardley-rosario
Download Presentation

UNDERSTANDING THE NUCLEUS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. UNDERSTANDING THE NUCLEUS Rutherford scattering models Chain reaction

  2. Chain reaction next previous smart

  3. CHAIN REACTION NUCLEAR FISSION IS WHEN A URANIUM NUCLEUS IS SPLIT BY A BOMBARDING NEUTRON • The nucleus splits into 2 smaller nuclei • Energy is released each time • a nucleus is split • More neutrons are released and • further fission can happen • This is called a chain reaction HEAT • The new nuclei are radioactive next previous smart

  4. 1 3 9 27 81 243 729 2187 6561 • This simulation shows • how quickly the number • of nuclei undergoing • fission can grow if • a chain reaction occurs. HEAT • Huge amounts of • heat will also be • produced when this happens HEAT HEAT HEAT next previous smart

  5. 235 1 90 143 1 F i s s i o n U + n Kr + Ba + 3( n) 92 0 36 56 0 Kr Kr F i s s i o n n n And so on…… n U n U n Ba Ba NUCLEAR FISSION HAPPENS WHEN A URANIUM NUCLEUS IS SPLIT BY A BOMBARDING NEUTRON. The nucleus splits into 2 smaller nuclei and energy is released as heat. These smaller nuclei are radioactive. More neutrons are released and further fission happens. This is called a chain reaction. next previous smart

  6. RUTHERFORD SCATTERING (Discovery of the nucleus) next previous smart

  7. Alpha particles from a radioactive source were fired, through a vacuum, at a piece of gold foil. The foil was extremely thin (less than 100 atoms thick). Gold was a good material to use because of it’s malleability. The way the alpha particles travelled was monitored. next previous smart

  8. Gold foil Eventually a backscattered alpha particle was observed. Most of the alpha particles passed through. Radioactive source Most of the alpha particles passed through the gold foil. A small number came back ( were BACKSCATTERED). What does this infer about the structure of atoms? next previous smart

  9. One in every 8000 alpha particles were repelled backwards (back scattered). What does this tell us about most of the atom? What does this tell us about the centre of an atom? next previous smart

  10. Paths through the atom No deflection – Alpha particle is not near the nucleus Small deflection – Alpha particle passes near the nucleus and is repelled Backscattered – Alpha particle travels directly towards the nucleus and is repelled back next previous smart

  11. Rutherfords findings: • Most of the atom is empty (because so • many pass through the foil) • There is a very small in each atom • which contains almost all the of the atom. • The nucleus is charged so it • the alpha particles. (They are backscattered) next previous smart

  12. Rutherfords findings: • Most of the atom is empty space (because so • many pass through the foil) • There is a very small nucleus in each atom • which contains almost all the mass of the atom. • The nucleus is positively charged so it repels • the alpha particles. (They are backscattered) answers next previous smart

  13. Nuclear and plum pudding models next previous smart

  14. THE NUCLEAR MODEL (RUTHERFORDS) THE OLD MODEL(PLUM PUDDING) LOTS OF EMPTYSPACE SMALL, DENSEPOSITIVELYCHARGEDNUCLEUS REGION OF POSITIVE CHARGE WHICH SURROUNDS LOTS OF SMALL NEGATIVE CHARGES. - - - - - - - - + - - - - next previous smart

  15. END previous

More Related