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1867: A New Nation

1867: A New Nation. (talkin’ ‘bout my f-f-f-f-Federation). The Original ‘Confederation’: 1867. British North America Act unites several of the British North American colonies. Quebec Ontario New Brunswick Nova Scotia Government = Constitutional Monarchy

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1867: A New Nation

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  1. 1867: A New Nation (talkin’ ‘bout my f-f-f-f-Federation)

  2. The Original ‘Confederation’: 1867 • British North America Act unites several of the British North American colonies. • Quebec • Ontario • New Brunswick • Nova Scotia • Government = Constitutional Monarchy • The official head of state is the Queen, limited by a constitution. • Most power held by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet

  3. First Prime Minister: John A MacDonald

  4. The Federation Develops • Social forces at play: • Industrialization (more industries created) • Immigration (more people coming to Canada) • Urbanization (more people moving to cities) • All of this leads to need for EXPANSION

  5. Expansion • Canadian government wanted to acquire territory to the west. • To Settle • To get larger economic base. • Protect it from Americans.

  6. Sweet Deal • Canada buys land from the Hudson’s bay company… 6,475,000 km2. This will become, essentially, the prairies (Manitoba, Sask, Alberta) • Price Tag: 1.5 million$

  7. Which Trade’s Fair?? Sold 141 years ago. Price-tag: 1.5 million dollars Sold this week. Price-tag: 1.5 million dollars.

  8. Aboriginal People • Canada wanted the Aboriginal Land to the West. • Indian Act (1869) considered native people minors, under the protection of the government. • No political rights • Negotiated treaties… got land in exchange for • Reserves • Food and Clothing • Medical Services

  9. Residential Schools and Assimilation Thomas Moore as he appeared when admitted to the Regina Indian Industrial School, after tuition at the Regina Indian Industrial School [ca. 1897]

  10. Residential Schools (extra info) 1857 - Gradual Civilization Act passed to assimilateIndians.1870-1910 - Period of assimilation where theclear objective of both missionaries and government was to assimilate Aboriginal children into the lower fringes of mainstream society1920 - Compulsory attendance for all childrenages 7-15 years. Children were forcibly taken from their families by priests, Indian agents and police officers. 1931 - There were 80 residential schools operating in Canada.1948 – There were 72 residential schools with9,368 students. 1979 – There were 12 residential schools with1,899 students.1980’s - Residential School students began disclosing sexual and other forms of abuse at residential schools. 1996 - The last federally run residential school, the Gordon Residential School, closes in Saskatchewan.1998 - The AFN establishes the Indian Residential Schools Resolution Unit.

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