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CHAPTER 5 REVIEW

CHAPTER 5 REVIEW. SOLUTIONS. QUESTION 1 A. Physical property – can be sensed, described, or measured without the formation of a new substance Ex – solubility, conductivity

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CHAPTER 5 REVIEW

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  1. CHAPTER 5 REVIEW SOLUTIONS

  2. QUESTION 1 A • Physical property – can be sensed, described, or measured without the formation of a new substance • Ex – solubility, conductivity • Chemical Property – the tendency fo a substance to interact with another substance, involves the formation of a new substance • Ex - combustibility

  3. QUESTION 1 B • Element – a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances • Ex – hydrogen, oxygen • Compound – a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically bonded together • Ex – water, carbon dioxide

  4. QUESTION 1 C • Metal – lustrous, malleable, good conductor, forms cations • Ex – sodium , iron • Nonmetal – dull, brittle, poor conductor, forms anions or covalent bonds • Ex – Carbon, sulfur

  5. QUESTION 1 D • Ionic Compound – consists of oppositely charged ions, forms electolytes • Ex – Sodium chloride, copper(II) sulfate • Molecular Compounds – consists of neutral molecules, forms non-electrolytes • Ex – sugar, water

  6. QUESTION 2 • A) A sample of matter that contains only one kind of atom: ELEMENT • B) a characteristic of matter that involves the formation of a new substance: CHEMICAL PROPERTY • C) the starting material in a chemical reaction: REACTANT • D) a family of elements that includes sodium and potassium: ALKALI METALS

  7. QUESTION 2 • E) The positive charged particle in the atom: PROTON • F) an electrically charge atom: ION

  8. QUESTION 3 • A) elements and compounds are examples of pure substances; a solution is a mixture • B) the melting point of a substance is an example of a physical property • C) The chemical test for hydrogen gas is to use a burning splint • D) Fluorine, chlorine, and iodine are members of the halogen family

  9. QUESTION 3 • E) Negative particles called electrons circle the nucleus of the atom; neutrons are found in the atom’s nucleus. • F) An atom with more electrons than protons will be a negative ion • G) A molecular compound is held together with covalent bonds

  10. QUESTION 4 • A) ALUMINUM – 13 Protons, 14 Neutrons, 13 Electrons, 3 in outer shell • B) FLUORINE – 9 Protons, 10 Neutrons, 9 Electrons, 7 in outer shell • C) MAGNESIUM – 12 Protons, 12 Neutrons, 12 Electrons, 2 in outer shell • D) PHOSPHORUS – 15 Protons, 16 Neutrons, 15 Electrons, 5 in outer shell

  11. QUESTION 5 • Aluminum – Al3+- 8 in outer shell • Fluorine – F- - 8 in outer shell • Magnesium – Mg2+ - 8 in outer shell • Phosphorus – P3- - 8 in outer shell

  12. QUESTION 6 • A) Magnesium + chlorine magnesium chloride • B) Sodium + Bromine sodium bromide • C) Magnesium + Oxygen Magnesium Oxide • D) aluminum + phosphorus aluminum phosphide • E) aluminum + sulfur aluminum sulfide

  13. QUESTION 7 • A) Magnesium Chloride : MgCl2 • B) Sodium Bromide : NaBr • C) Magnesium Oxide : MgO • D) Aluminum phoshide: AlP • E) Aluminum sulfide : Al2S3

  14. QUESTION 8 • Picture shows 18 electrons • A) 16 Protons – negative 2 charge : S2- • B) 18 Protons – zero charge – noble gas: Ar • C) 19 Protons – plus 1 charge : K+

  15. QUESTION 9 • A) CuCl – Copper(II) Carbonate • B) FeI2 – Iron(II) iodide • C) Tin (IV) Oxide – SnO2 • D) lead (II) bromide – PbBr2

  16. QUESTION 10 • A) CuCO3 – Copper (II) carbonate • B) FeSO4 – Iron(II) sulfate • C) Tin(IV) Phosphate – Sn3(PO4)4 • D) Lead(II) Nitrate – Pb(NO3)2

  17. QUESTION 11 • A) Carbon monoxide – CO • B) Nitrogen triiodide – NI3 • C) SCI2 – sulfur chloride ( sulfur dichloride) • D) CCI4 – Carbon tetrachloride

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