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Biology 08/20/12 Intro to Ecology & Science Skills

Biology 08/20/12 Intro to Ecology & Science Skills. Review. Describe 5 characteristics of living things. What is the definition of a cell? What happens to an organism if its homeostasis is disrupted and not restored?.

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Biology 08/20/12 Intro to Ecology & Science Skills

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  1. Biology 08/20/12 Intro to Ecology & Science Skills

  2. Review • Describe 5 characteristics of living things. • What is the definition of a cell? • What happens to an organism if its homeostasis is disrupted and not restored?

  3. Ecology is the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment Abiotic factors are nonliving parts of an organism’s environment Biotic factors are living organisms that inhabit an environment A Habitat is a place where an organism lives out its life. A Niche is all strategies and adaptations a species uses in its environment—how it meets specific needs for food and shelter, how and where it survives, and where it reproduces Some Vocabulary

  4. Levels of Organization Biosphere The part of Earth that contains all ecosystems Biosphere Ecosystem Community and its nonliving surroundings Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass, stream, rocks, air Community Populations that live together in a defined area Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass Population Group of organisms of one type that live in the same area Bison herd

  5. Levels of Organization Organism Individual living thing Bison Tissues, organs, and organ systems Groups of Cells Nervous system Brain Nervous tissue Smallest functional unit of life Cells Nerve cell Groups of atoms; smallest unit of most chemical compounds Molecules DNA Water

  6. Comprehension Check • Give two examples of abiotic factors. • Give two examples of biotic factors. • What is the difference between an ecosystem and a community? • Give an example organism and describe it’s habitat.

  7. Types of biotic relationships 1. Feeding - one organism eats another a. predator - organism that hunts another organism b. prey - organism that is hunted c. ex: lions feeding on a water buffalo

  8. 2. Symbiosis - close relationship between two or more organisms; at least one organism benefits: The sacoglossan (Solar Powered Sea Slug) showing the green network of ducts which contain the green chloroplasts from its algal food. Two quite different groups of sea slugs have evolved ways of using the ability of plants to convert the sun's energy into sugars and other nutrients. In simple terms they have become "solar powered". The aeolid nudibranch Pteraeolidia ianthina which "farms" colonies of brown single-celled algae (zooxanthellae) in its body.

  9. a. Commensalism- one organism benefits, the other is neither helped nor harmed The commensal shrimp Periclimenes imperator b. Mutualism- both organisms benefit from living together. Lichen is any group of composite organisms made up of a fungus and an alga living in a symbiotic association. Fungus provides a structure that protect the alga from drying out and from harsh conditions. Alga synthesizes and excretes a specific carbohydrate that is taken up and utilized as food by the fungus.

  10. c. Parasitism - one organism depends/ lives in or on another organism, the other organism is harmed. Ex: lamprey and vampire bat Sea lamprey attached to trout. Vampire bat which feeds on the blood of mammals like cows. Sucker like mouth of lamprey

  11. Comprehension Check • Give an example of a specific predator and its prey. • What is the difference between an commensalism and mutualism? • Give an example of a parasite.

  12. Switching Gears Science Skills

  13. Making a Graph from a Table Water Released and Absorbed by Tree Absorbed by Roots (g/h) Released by Leaves (g/h) 20 Water released by leaves Time 15 8 AM 1 2 Relative Rates (g/h) 10 10 AM 5 1 12 12 PM 4 5 2 PM 6 17 Water released by leaves 4 PM 9 16 0 6 PM 14 10 8 AM 10 AM 12 PM 2 PM 4 PM 6 PM 8 PM 8 PM 10 3 Time

  14. Making a Graph from a Table Water Released and Absorbed by Tree Absorbed by Roots (g/h) Released by Leaves (g/h) 20 Water released by leaves Time 15 8 AM 1 2 Relative Rates (g/h) 10 10 AM 5 1 12 12 PM 4 5 2 PM 6 17 Water released by leaves 4 PM 9 16 0 6 PM 14 10 8 AM 10 AM 12 PM 2 PM 4 PM 6 PM 8 PM 8 PM 10 3 Time

  15. Making a Graph from a Table Water Released and Absorbed by Tree Absorbed by Roots (g/h) Released by Leaves (g/h) 20 Water released by leaves Time 15 8 AM 1 2 10 Relative Rates (g/h) 10 AM 5 1 12 12 PM 4 5 2 PM 6 17 Water released by leaves 4 PM 9 16 0 6 PM 14 10 8 AM 10 AM 12 PM 2 PM 4 PM 6 PM 8 PM 8 PM 10 3 Time

  16. Using Science Skills • How many populations of organisms are represented by this community? • What are the non living elements in the ecosystem? • An ecosystem is part of what larger level of organization of organisms? • Each population is made up of what level of organization?

  17. Using Science Skills • What units are used to measure length? • Why are conversions easier to do using the metric system? • What is the boiling point of water in C? • How many is kilo-? • How many milliliters is 2 liters?

  18. Turn to Page 20Problem-Solving Lab 1.2Work with 1 partner to answerQuestions 1-4 in your Lab Notebook

  19. Go to kirkfisher.comand work on today’s assignments(located under the biology tab)

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