First results and simulations plan with CHIMERE for NATAIR (WP5)

1. First results and simulations plan with CHIMERE for NATAIR (WP5) Gabriele Curci, LISA Matthias Beekman, LISA, CNRS Robert Vautard, LSCE/IPSL, CNRS NATAIR Project Meeting, 23-24 October 2006, Oxford, UK

2. Objectives of WP5 • Estimation of fraction of atmospheric pollutants over Europe which can be attributed to natural/biogenic emissions: → Incompressible part of air quality Calculations rely on CHIMERE chemistry-transport model with updated biogenic emissions from NATAIR project Some specific objectives: • Document the improvement of updated biogenic emission inventory • Determine “natural vs antro” share of primary and secondary pollutants • Interactionbetweenanthropogenic and biogenicemissions: • For given bio emissions how changes in anthro emissions affect air quality? • Could bio emissions reduce effectiveness of European AQ management? • Biogenic emissions and climate change (qualitative) Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

3. The CHIMERE-GEMS-NATAIR system ERA-40 Global meteorological forecasts EMEP anthropogenic Em. GLCF land use, land cover Simpson99 Biogenic em. NATAIR MM5 Regional meteorological forecasts LMDZ-INCA (gases) GOCART (aerosols) Large scale chemical forcing from monthly climatology CHIMERE Regional chemical forecasts ● gaseous chemistry module ● aerosols module ● advection, turbulence ● dry and wet deposition Prognose hourly concentrations : gases(O3, NO2, CO, SO2…) aerosols (Sulf, Nitrate,…) Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

4. The CHIMERE-GEMS-NATAIR system CHIMERE-GEMS domain: Geographical GEMS domain [35°N-70°N; 15°E-35°W] Horizontal resolution 101x71 cells ; 0.5°x0.5° Vertical resolution 8 levels ; top at 500 hPa Meteorological fields from MM5 v 3.6:  Forced by ECMWF ERA-40 reanalysis  30 x 30 km2 resolution This version is already operative at LMD  BUT we have to repeat runs for NATAIR to have 3-D fields needed to drive CHIMERE! Only surface fields are stored.  1.5 CPU Months to simulate 1997, 2000, 2001 and 2003 Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

5. First simulations – July 2001 CONT3 domain: 35°N-57.5° N 10.5°E-22.5° W MM5 files to run on the GEMS domain still not ready! 39 Monthly average meteorology (surface temperature and wind) at noon 12 Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

6. First simulations – July 2001 OZONE Max NO2 ppb 60 11 30 1 TERPENES ISOPRENE 12 1.3 1 0.2 Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

7. Effect of Isoprene on Ozone Max ΔOZONE Max with and without isoprene Isoprene contributes as much as 5-10% to average ozone peak over Europe in July 2001 ppb 7 OZONE Max 60 0 30 Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

8. RURAL AREAS => LESS OZONE POLLUTED AREAS => MORE OZONE Effect of Terpenes on Ozone Max ΔOZONE Max with and without terpenes TERPENES 3 -.5 NO2 However, effect VERY SMALL < 1% Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

9. Effect of Terpenes on SOA Terpenes contribute a significant part of Secondary Organic Aerosols over Europe in July 2001 Up to 90% in Eastern Europe! ΔSOA with and without terpenes µg/m3 4 SOA 4.5 0.5 0.5 Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

10. NATAIR Natural/Biogenic sources To be implemented into CHIMERE • Biogenic VOC’s: ready for 1997, 2000 and 2003isoprene -> O3, PM (OC)specified terpenes -> PM (OC), O3other VOC’s -> O3, PM (OC) • Soil NO emissions: daily emissions for 2000NO -> O3, NO3- • Forest fires: ?PM (primary PM), NO, CO, VOC, … • Wind Blown Dust: ready by the end of november (1997, 2000, 2001, 2003) mineral PM • Spores , bacteria: yearly total primary PM 1/2 Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

11. Lightning: ready by the end of november, algorithm implemented into the modelNOx -> O3, PM • Volcanoes + geological seapage: yearly total + eruptions info (Italy), episodes (Iceland)SO2 , PM • Other NH3 sources (pets, animals …): yearly totalNH3 -> PM • Sea related emissions: sea salt and DMS  implement algorithm into model DMS, sea salt -> PM • Wetland emissions: CH4 2/2 Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

12. New SOA scheme To be implemented into CHIMERE NATAIR BVOCs CHIMERE SOA groups • Isoprene • α-pinene • sabinene • β-pinene • Δ3-carene • limonene • terpinene • ocimene • terpinolene • linalool • eucalyptol (1,8 cineol) • other monoterpenes (sum) • sesquiterpenes or β-caryophyllene • OVOC (sum) • Antrhopogenic (2 groups) • HIGH SOA yield: toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, etc. • LOW SOA yield: xylenes, trimethylbenzene, etc. • Biogenic (6 groups) • α-pinene and sabinene • β-pinene and Δ3-carene • limonene • terpinene • other monoterpenes: ocimene, terpinolene, linaool, terpineol, etc. • sesquiterpenes: α-humulene, β-caryophyllene Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

13. Simulations to be performed Considering 8 CPU Days per 1 Simulated Year => 6.5 – 8 months! Hopefully we can substantially reduce this time with the new cluster (Jan ’07?) Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

14. Data needs – Cadastre Option General needs : • Domain: Natair domain is fine • Horizontal resolution: 10*10 km is fine, we will make simulations at 0.5° • Temporal resolution: 1h • Years: 1997, 2000, 2001, 2003 • WARNING: is we don’t receive the emissions for all these years we cannot perform all the planned simulations • Data should be ASCII or Binary netcdf or else binary NOT GIS dependent • Please provide us with a sample of the data we will have later to prepare interfaces * Auxiliary data in same format may be helpful for interpretation, i.e. landuse, meteo parameters curci@lisa.univ-paris12.fr Gabriele Curci, LISA - CHIMERE Simulations

15. THE END Thanks for your attention!