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Good Morning! Today We Will be Discussing Fantastic Information!

Good Morning! Today We Will be Discussing Fantastic Information!. BioPsychology And The Foundations Of NeuroScience. How Does The Body Communicate Internally? Pages 77-83. Divisions Of The Nervous System!.

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Good Morning! Today We Will be Discussing Fantastic Information!

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  1. Good Morning! Today We Will be Discussing Fantastic Information!

  2. BioPsychology And The Foundations Of NeuroScience How Does The Body Communicate Internally? Pages 77-83

  3. Divisions Of The Nervous System! • The Nervous System, made up of all the nerve cells in the body, functions as a single, complex and interconnected unit. • It includes the entire network of neurons in the body, including the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and their subdivisions.

  4. The Central Nervous System • The Central Nervous System (CNS) is comprised of the brain and the spinal cord, and serves as the body’s “command central”.

  5. THE BRAIN… • Fills roughly a third of the skull, makes complex decisions, coordinates our body functions, AND initiate our behaviors.

  6. The Spinal Cord… • The spinal cord, plays supportive role, it serves as a sort of neural cable, connecting the brain with parts if the peripheral nervous system extending into the trunks and limbs. • However, nerve pathways connecting the brain with the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin, and muscles of the head, and internal organs DO NOT pass through the spinal cord.

  7. The Spinal Cord… • The Spinal Cord has another job too: -It takes charge of reflexes that do not require brain power. Such as knee-jerk reflex when your physician elicits a tap on your knee. Reflex: A simple, unlearned response triggered by stimuli.

  8. How do we know the Spinal cord is in charge of Reflexes? • We know that the brain does not get involved in simple reflexes, because a person whose spinal cord has been severed may still be able to withdraw a limb reflexively from a painful stimulus-even though the brain does not sense the pain.

  9. HOWEVER… • The brain is required, for VOLUNTARY movements. This is why damage to the nerves of the spinal cord can produce paralysis of the limbs or trunk. • The higher the site of damage, the greater the extent of the paralysis.

  10. The Peripheral Nervous System • The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) plays a supportive role, connecting the central nervous system with the rest of the body through bundles of sensory and motor axons, called nerves. • Its many branches carry messages between the brain and the sense organs, the internal organs, and the muscles. • In this role, the peripheral nervous system carries the incoming messages that tell your brain about the sights, sounds, tastes, smells and textures of the world!

  11. PNS Continued • PNS can be thought of as a pick-up-and-delivery service for the Central nervous system. • Two major divisions of the PNS: -Somatic Nervous System -Autonomic Nervous System

  12. The Somatic Division • Considered to be the brain’s communications link with the outside world. • Its sensory component connects the sense organs tot eh brain, and its motor component links the CNS with the body’s skeletal muscles, the muscles that control voluntary movements.

  13. The Autonomic Division • Autonomic Nervous System: (Autonomic means self-regulating or independent) The portion of the peripheral nervous system that sends communications between the central nervous system and the internal organs and glands. • This network carries signals that control our internal organs to perform such jobs as regulating digestion, respiration, heart rate, and arousal. • Biopscyhologists further divided the autonomic system into two major divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

  14. The Sympathetic Division • The part of the autonomic nervous system that sends messages to internal organs and glands that help us respond • The sympathetic division arouses the heart, lungs, and other organs in stressful or emergency situations, when our responses must be quick and powerfully energized. • Often called the “fight-or-flight” system, the sympathetic carries messages that help us respond quickly to a threat by either attacking or fleeing.

  15. The Parasympathetic Division • The part of the autonomic nervous system that monitors the routine operations of the internal organs and returns the body to calmer functioning after arousal and emergency situations. • Applies the neural brakes, returning our internal responses to a calm and collected state. The parasympathetic system works cooperatively with the sympathetic system.

  16. The End! • Thank You!

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