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Westward Expansion

Explore the hardships and triumphs of traveling by covered wagon during the westward expansion in the mid-1800s. Learn about wagon trains, daily life, wildlife encounters, schooling for children, and the decision to head to Oregon or California. Compare the journey to modern freeway trips.

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Westward Expansion

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  1. Westward Expansion In the Mid-1800s

  2. 1. 3 Problems traveling by wagon • Stuck in the mud • Dust blocks vision • People get sick, no medicine

  3. 2. Define wagon train • A group of covered wagons traveling across the country

  4. 3. Where did families sleep? • In the wagon, under it, in a tent, or out in the open

  5. 4. What chores do children do? • Milk cows; cook; collect wood; wash dishes; get water; prepare buffalo, deer, or turkey; shake out blankets

  6. 5. 5 states of Oregon Country • Oregon, Washington, Idaho, parts of Wyoming and Montana

  7. 6. Name 6 Wild Animals • Buffalo, prairie dog, rattlesnake, owl, wolf, rabbit, coyote, turkey, lizard, antelope

  8. 7. What is the Continental Divide • Imaginary line that runs down the Rocky Mountains • Marks where Western rivers flow to Pacific Ocean

  9. 8. How were children schooled? • Older brothers and sisters and parents taught them how to fix things and hunt

  10. 9. 3 Reasons to travel West • Free land • Gold • New Opportunities

  11. 10. 10 Supplies to Pack • Food: flour, bacon, eggs, rice, beans, water • Sewing tools • Repair tools • Soap, blankets, lanterns

  12. 11. How to get across Rivers? • Wagon put on a raft and floated across the river • Take off the wheels and float across

  13. 12. Compare to freeway trip. • Wagons: 10-15 miles a day, no concrete roads • Cars: 55-75 miles an hour, smooth roads

  14. Stops Along the Way…Independence, Missouri • Starting point for Journey / Leave in the SPRING • Get supplies • Prepare Wagon • Create Wagon Trains

  15. Chimney Rock, Nebraska • Natural landmark • 325 feet tall rock • Very exciting to see

  16. Fort Laramie • 1st sign of civilization for 6 weeks • Gateway to the Rocky Mountains • Buy supplies

  17. South Pass • Gap in the Rocky Mountains • Most important spot on Oregon Trail

  18. Fort Bridger • Lots of trees and water • Small fort, not many supplies to buy

  19. Barlow Road • Road built to avoid crossing the Columbia River • Cost money

  20. Fort Vancouver • Final stop on the Oregon Trail • Helped people survive winter

  21. Oregon or California?OREGON TRAIL Advantages • Good water supplies • Easier Mountain crossing • Rich farming land in Oregon

  22. Oregon or California?OREGON TRAIL Disadvantages • Indians along trail • More rain and cold weather

  23. Oregon or California?CALIFORNIA TRAIL Advantages • Less Indians • Good weather and farming in California • Silver and Gold Mines

  24. Oregon or California?CALIFORNIA TRAIL Disadvantages • No water when crossing Great Salt Desert • Steep Donner Pass through Sierra Nevada Mountains

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