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Hazmat Countermeasures (C.)

Hazmat Countermeasures (C.). Review of the Basics. Responder’s goal: Protect… Life Environment Property. H-2. First Responder “Operations”. Module focuses on C. — “Containment”. H-2. Hazmat Release Process. Stress on container Container weakens & fails Material released

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Hazmat Countermeasures (C.)

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  1. Hazmat Countermeasures (C.)

  2. Review of the Basics • Responder’s goal: Protect… • Life • Environment • Property H-2

  3. First Responder “Operations” • Module focuses on C. — • “Containment” H-2

  4. Hazmat Release Process • Stress on container • Container weakens & fails • Material released • Material disperses H-2

  5. Types of Dispersion • Catastrophic failure of container • E.g. BLEVE H-2

  6. Types of Dispersion • Energetic dispersion H-2

  7. Types of Dispersion • Rapid flow through visible opening H-2

  8. Types of Dispersion • Slow leak through crack or small opening H-2

  9. Dispersion & Countermeasures • Type of leak, how much disperses & how fast determine countermeasures you can employ H-2

  10. Selecting Response Strategy • All Haz Mat Incidents Eventually Stabilize • Actions by responders should contribute to the solution, not the problem! H-4

  11. Key Question • What if I don’t intervene? H-4

  12. Next Question • Will my intervention help? H-4

  13. Three Strategies • Non-Intervention • Containment • Control H-4

  14. Three Strategies • Non-Intervention: SIN only! • Containment: Slow & restrict spread • Control: Stops Haz Mat release H-4

  15. Strategy Hierarchy • Level of risk determines strategy H-4

  16. Definition: Unacceptable Risk • Response actions provide no benefit H-4

  17. Definition: Acceptable Risk • Benefits exceed costs H-4

  18. Definition: Calculated Risk • Take risk after considering costs H-4

  19. Non-Intervention & Risk • Use if risk is unacceptable • SIN only • Protect life only H-4

  20. Defensive Strategy & Risk • Use for acceptable/calculated risks • Protect life & environment H-4

  21. Offensive Strategy & Risk • Risk is minimal • Protect life, environment & property H-4

  22. Basic Strategy • Don’t risk life to protect environment or property H-4

  23. Non-Intervention Defined • No direct action to… • Stop • Slow • Contain or • Restrict the release H-6

  24. When Not to Intervene • Action would be unsafe • Risk is unacceptable H-6

  25. Unacceptable Risks • Presence of explosives • Pressure vessel under thermal stress • Polymerization hazard • Visible vapor cloud • Threat of fire H-6

  26. When Not to Intervene • No threat to life • Lack of response resources • Lack of proper PPE • No PPE for explosives • No such thing as a BLEVE suit H-6

  27. Containment Defined • Safe acts to — • restrict • slow • redirect • The spread of hazardous materials H-8

  28. When and Why? • When? When it’s safe • Why? • Limit spread of haz mat • Reduce life & health risk • Protect environment and property • Reduce cleanup costs &limit liability H-8

  29. Defensive “Containment” • A key FRO action H-8

  30. Methods of Containment • Dike H-8

  31. Methods of Containment • Divert H-8

  32. Methods of Containment • Dam H-8

  33. Methods of Containment • Disperse H-8

  34. Methods of Containment • Dilute H-8

  35. Methods of Containment • Cover H-8

  36. Methods of Containment • Foam H-8

  37. Containment Tools & Equipment • Shovels, dump trucks, dirt, sand bags, plastic bags, plastic sheet, earth moving equipment, foam, salvage covers, absorbents, fire hose, etc. etc. etc. etc. etc. H-8

  38. Potential Hazards • Presence of flammables • Use non-sparking equipment • Reactive materials • Consult ERG H-8

  39. Offensive “Control” Strategy • Safe acts to… • Stop • Control or • Stabilize • A release of hazmat H-10

  40. When and Why? • When? When it’s safe & practical • Why? • Stop release • Reduce life & health risk • Protect environment and property • Begin cleanup &limit liability H-10

  41. Who Does Control? • Technicians • Specialists • With proper PPE! H-10

  42. Methods of Offensive Control • Plug and patch • e.g. fix hole in drum or pipe • Absorb/Adsorb • e.g. apply pads to oil spill H-10

  43. Methods of Offensive Control • Transfer • e.g. pump product to vacuum truck • Containerize • e.g. put leaking drum into overpack • Other • e.g. reposition drum or shut off valve H-10

  44. Selection Considerations • Physical state of material • Properties of material • Size/rate of release • Terrain and time • Resources available • Risk vs. gain H-10

  45. General Tips & Techniques H-12

  46. Selection of Strategies/Methods • ID hazards • Evaluate risks • Analyze strategy • Implement strategy H-12

  47. Strategy and Risks • Unacceptable risk: non-intervention • Acceptable risk: defensive actions • Minimal risk: offensive actions H-12

  48. Who Does What • FRA/FRO: non-intervention • FRO: defensive actions • Tech/Spec: offensive actions H-12

  49. Questions?

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