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CHOLESTEROL

Brooke Nessen. Health Class (Grades 10-12). CHOLESTEROL. A Quick Look. Explaining Cholesterol (Video). What is Cholesterol?. Waxy, fat-like substance Naturally occurring in the body Some is needed for body to properly function protect nerves, make cell tissue, & make certain hormones

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CHOLESTEROL

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  1. Brooke Nessen Health Class (Grades 10-12) CHOLESTEROL

  2. A Quick Look Explaining Cholesterol (Video)

  3. What is Cholesterol? • Waxy, fat-like substance • Naturally occurring in the body • Some is needed for body to properly function • protect nerves, make cell tissue, & make certain hormones • Too much cholesterol can be dangerous!

  4. What is Cholesterol? • Too much cholesterol in blood can stick to artery walls and build-up. • Build-up is known as plaque. • Plaque narrows and sometimes blocks arteries.

  5. Where’s Cholesterol Found? • Bodies produce cholesterol needed for functions. • Excess cholesterol comes from foods people eat: • Animal sources- egg yolks, cheese, meat • Foods with increased amounts of saturated and trans-fat

  6. Explaining Cholesterol • Factors affecting cholesterol : • Heredity • Physical Activity • Weight • Diet • Age & Sex • Lifestyle MMM, CHOLESTEROL!

  7. Testing for Cholesterol • Usually no symptoms for high cholesterol • Should get tested: • At 20 years old with follow up once every 5 years if levels are good • About every year for people who have diabetes, high BP, heart disease, stroke, or blood flow problems • Every year for those on medication controlling high cholesterol

  8. Testing for Cholesterol • Testing children is debatable. • Only test children with high risk factors like: • Family history of high cholesterol • Family history of heart attacks at 55 in men and before age 65 in females

  9. Testing for Cholesterol • Lipoprotein Panel Test checks: • Total Cholesterol • HDL cholesterol • LDL cholesterol • Triglycerides • Tests are done to get a better understanding of risks.

  10. Good Cholesterol • High Density Lipoprotein • A.k.a. HDL • Carries cholesterol from other parts of the body to the liver where it’s removed HDL

  11. Bad Cholesterol • Low Density Lipoprotein • A.k.a. LDL • High levels of LDL lead to plaque build-up in arteries. LDL

  12. Cholesterol Cartoon

  13. Triglycerides • Fat found in blood • Increased amounts lead to risk of heart disease. • What can raise triglyceride level? • Obesity • Lack of exercise • Smoking cigarettes & drinking alcohol excessively • Genetics, diseases, & medicine • Poor diet with large amounts of carbohydrates and fats

  14. Normal Levels for Panel Test • Levels of cholesterol depend on the individual. • Normal levels vary but typically: • Total Cholesterol: less than 200 mg/dL is desired • HDL: 40-59 mg/dL is good, lower than 40 is putting yourself at risk • LDL: less than 100 mg/dL is optimal • Triglycerides: 150-199 mg/dL is borderline high

  15. Risks of High Cholesterol • High Cholesterol can lead to: • Atherosclerosis • Coronary Heart Disease • Heart Attack • Stroke • High Blood Pressure

  16. Treating High Cholesterol • Medicine • Statins • Bile acid sequestrants • Nicotinic acid • Fibrates • Ezitimibe • All used to lower LDL or raise HDL • Muscle cramping is a serious side effect of some medicines. • Some may also cause liver problems.

  17. Medicine Commercial • Lipitor Commercial 2010/2011

  18. Treating High Cholesterol • Diet Changes • Less than 200mg of cholesterol a day • Only 25-35% of daily calories should be from fat. • Limit intake of salt. • Eat more soluble fiber and less fatty food. • Whole grain, fruits, vegetables • Some fish help to keep the heart healthy.

  19. Treating High Cholesterol • Physical Activity • GET SOME EXERCISE! • Routine physical activity lowers the amount of bad cholesterol and raises the amount of good cholesterol in your body.

  20. Summary • Cholesterol is found naturally in our bodies and in foods we eat. • High cholesterol can put you at risk for many heart problems. • A healthy lifestyle can have a big impact on your cholesterol!

  21. References • MedlinePlus- • (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cholesterol.html) • And collaborating links • National Heart Lung and Blood Institute • (http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/healthtopics/topics/hbc/treatment.html) THE END

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