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Clauses and Sentence Types

Clauses and Sentence Types. CLAUSES. Each clause must have a subject and verb Types independent ( ind cl )-also called the main clause dependent ( dep cl )-also called the subordinate clause. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE. Main clause Every sentence must have at least one independent clause

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Clauses and Sentence Types

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  1. Clauses and Sentence Types

  2. CLAUSES • Each clause must have a subject and verb • Types • independent (indcl)-also called the main clause • dependent (depcl)-also called the subordinate clause

  3. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE • Main clause • Every sentence must have at least one independent clause • Independent clause can usually stand alone • An independent clause does not start with a relative pronoun or subordinating conjuction

  4. DEPENDENT CLAUSE • The dependent clause CAN NEVER stand alone • A dependent clause starts with a • RELATIVE PRONOUN (that , which, who, whom, whose) • OR A SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION (after, since, before, while, because, although, so that, if, when, whenever, as, even though, until, unless, as if, etc.)

  5. DEPENDENT CLAUSE: TYPES • Adverb (adv depcl) • Adjective (adjdepcl) • Noun (n depcl)

  6. Adverb Dependent Clause (adv depcl) • Usually starts with a subordinating conjunction • Acts like an adverb • Ex: We will eat when the bell rings. (modifies eat) • We will eat is the independent clause

  7. Adjective Dependent Clause (adjdepcl) • Usually starts with a relative pronoun • Acts like an adjective • Ex: She likes the guy who sits in front of her. (modifies guy) • She likes the guy is the independent clause

  8. Noun Dependent Clause(n depcl) • A subordinate (dependent) clause used as a noun • It can be • Subject • Direct object • Predicate noun • Object of the preposition • Indirect object

  9. SENTENCE TYPES • Simple Sentence: (s): one independent clause • Compound Sentence: (cd): two or more independent clauses • Complex Sentence: (cx): one independent clause + one or more dependent clauses • Compound-Complex Sentence: (ccx): two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses

  10. Simple Sentence: (s) • one independent clause

  11. Compound Sentence: (cd) • two or more independent clauses

  12. Complex Sentence: (cx) • one independent clause + one or more dependent clauses

  13. Compound-Complex Sentence: (ccx) • two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses

  14. SENTENCE PURPOSE • Declarative: makes a statement and ends with a period (dec) • Interrogative: asks a question and ends in a question mark (int) • Imperative: gives a command and ends in a period (imp) (often has the understood “you” as its subject) • Exclamatory: expresses strong feelings and ends in an exclamation point(exc)(the above sentences can all be exclamatory as well)

  15. Interrogative: • asks a question and ends in a question mark (int)

  16. Imperative: • gives a command and ends in a period (imp) (often has the understood “you” as its subject)

  17. Exclamatory: • expresses strong feelings and ends in an exclamation point (exc) (the above sentences can all be exclamatory as well)

  18. Declarative: • makes a statement and ends with a period (dec)

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