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What Is Happening In 60 GHz

What Is Happening In 60 GHz. Authors:. Date: 2007-11-12. Abstract. A recitation of how research, legislative, and physical activities have led to the current interest in 60 GHz standards and technology. Why Is There So Much 60 GHz Activity Outside of 802.11?. 802.15 TG3c COMPA Ecma NGmS

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What Is Happening In 60 GHz

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  1. What Is Happening In 60 GHz Authors: Date: 2007-11-12 Li, SiBEAM

  2. Abstract A recitation of how research, legislative, and physical activities have led to the current interest in 60 GHz standards and technology Li, SiBEAM

  3. Why Is There So Much 60 GHz Activity Outside of 802.11? • 802.15 TG3c • COMPA • Ecma • NGmS • WirelessHD Li, SiBEAM

  4. Materials Attenuation (dB) Path Loss Is Greater at Higher Frequencies Li, SiBEAM

  5. 60 GHz Is Particularly Bad Because Is Oxygen Absorptive Li, SiBEAM

  6. MMCWG Saw 60 GHz As Reflective • An industry consortium known as the Millimeter Wave Communications Working Group saw 60 GHz as Biologically (Water) Reflective. • Apple Computer • Cutler Hammer • Hewlett-Packard • Hughes • Metricom • Motorola • Rockwell Int’l • Sun Microsystems Li, SiBEAM

  7. 60 GHz UWB Early 60 GHz Work Led To Current Spectrum Allocations 100 10 TransmitStrength (EIRP W) 802.11 1 0.1 0.01 1000 100 10 Signal Bandwidth (MHz) Li, SiBEAM

  8. Shannon’s Law Made 60 GHz Spectrum Interesting • Bandwidth: Gbps throughput possible with simpler radios – Few bps/Hz • Capacity: Spectrum supports over 25 Gbps using QPSK • S/N: Implementation difficulties with UWB alleviated by availability of over 1000x more power on license-exempt basis Li, SiBEAM

  9. Materials Reflectivity Reflective Thinking Instead of Refractive Thinking about 60 GHz Energy Doesn’t Disappear:High Attenuation means High Reflections O2 Absorption is 1dB per 100m Li, SiBEAM

  10. Finding The Right 60 GHz Reflection Has Its Benefits RX Calculated wall loss from absorption tables was 22-37 dB total Omni wall loss was actually 16 dB Beamsteered wall loss thru best path was only 5 dB • Wall Composed of • Mixed Material • 2 sheet drywall • High gloss paint • 2x4 boards • PVC piping • Misc. electrical A A A B B TX Li, SiBEAM

  11. Rebalancing The Thinking About Link Budgets at Higher Frequency 2.4 GHz: 18dBm + 2dBi = 20dBm Active (PA) Passive (Antenna) 60 GHz: 10dBm + 30dBi = 40dBm Li, SiBEAM

  12. Advancements in Antenna, Beamforming, and Beamsteering Enable These Gains • Possible at 60 GHz, because with constant antenna area, max received power increases as the frequency squared • 20dBi with single element directional to over 30dBi with multiple element non-directional designs Li, SiBEAM

  13. Leading to Interesting Potential for 60 GHz Applications Li, SiBEAM

  14. X Digital CMOS can now support60 GHz All of The Preceding in CMOS or SiGe • New designs using standard chip processes offer enormous cost reduction vs. traditional high frequency designs • Each new process generation also scaling both digital AND analog/mixed-signal designs Li, SiBEAM

  15. What is Happening in 60 GHz • Researchers are thinking differently about radio designs • Effectively using reflectivity for in-room (to overcome directivity) and multi-room (to reduce path loss) designs • Emphasizing algorithmic and antenna designs over amplification • Exploiting lots of spectrum with high power limits and few incumbents Li, SiBEAM

  16. Items to Consider • Should 60 GHz be usable under an 802.11 architecture? • What time frame is relevant? • TGn PAR (2003) TGn Publication (2008) • VHT PAR (2008) VHT Publication (2013?) • The following excerpts from earlier 802.11 submissions • “A Bluetooth pico-cell colocated with an 802.11 station will degrade its throughput by a factor of 10” • “(5 GHz) will be limited to single room applications” Contest expires Mar 2008 Li, SiBEAM

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