Recent Australian Design Rule (ADR) Developments and Implementation of UN Regulations in Australia

1. 39th APEC Transportation Working Group Christchurch, New Zealand 31 March – 4 April 2014 Presenter’s name: Kate Deer Organisation: Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development Economy: Australia Recent Australian Design Rule (ADR) Developments and Implementation ofUN Regulations in Australia

2. Topics • The Australian Design Rules (ADRs) • National Road Safety Strategy (NRSS) • Recent ADR developments • Electronic Stability Control (ESC) • Brake Assist Systems (BAS) • Antilock Braking Systems (ABS) • Global Technical Regulation (GTR) on Pole Side Impact (PSI)

3. The Australian Design Rules (ADRs) • Commonwealth legislation – Motor Vehicle Standards Act 1989 • Uniform national vehicle standards covering safety, emissions, anti-theft • Policy to harmonise with UN regulations • Contracting Party to UNECE 1958 and 1998 Agreements for developing vehicle regulations • World Trade Organisation and Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade • ADRs developed and reviewed on an ongoing basis

4. National Road Safety Strategy (NRSS) 2011-2020 • UN Decade of Action for Road Safety (DoA) • Global road safety crisis • Australia’s National Road Safety Strategy 2011-2020 (NRSS) closely aligned with the DoA • NRSS agreed by Australian Transport Ministers in May 2011 • Initiatives are grouped under four key areas: • Safe roads, safe speeds, safe vehicles, safe people • Aims to reduce road deaths and serious injuries in Australia by 30 per cent by 2020.

5. The NRSS and ADR Developments • Under the NRSS, Australia is committed to considering a number of vehicle safety initiatives • Over the past 12 months, in line with these commitments: • Australia has mandated through the ADRs: • BAS for light passenger and light commercial vehicles • ESC for light commercial vehicles • ABS for heavy trucks and buses and ABS/load proportioning brake systems for heavy trailers, which is also in line with the National Heavy Vehicle Braking Strategy (NHVBS) released in 2008 • Australia has continued to lead work through WP29 – the World Forum on Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations – on the development of a Global Technical Regulation (GTR) on Pole Side Impact

6. Brake Assist Systems (BAS) • In November 2013, Australia mandated BAS for light passenger vehicles and light commercial vehicles • Requirements apply from November 2015 and are aligned with scope of UN Regulation 13-H – Braking of Passenger Cars • BAS shown to reduce the number and severity of crashes involving vulnerable road users, but can have broader application to other types of crashes where braking is a factor.

7. Electronic Stability Control (ESC) • In 2009, Australia mandated ESC for light passenger vehicles • Requirements applied from November 2011 for newly approved models and from November 2013 for all remaining models, and are also aligned with UN R 13-H • In November 2013, Australia extended requirements to have ESC to light commercial vehicles • Like BAS, requirements apply from November 2015 and are aligned with scope of UN R 13-H • ESC helps drivers steer in the intended direction during a skid and is effective at averting loss of control or run-off road crashes • The case for mandating ESC for heavy vehicles will be considered next, in line with the NRSS and the National Heavy Vehicle Braking Strategy

8. Antilock Braking Systems (ABS) & the National Heavy Vehicle Braking Strategy (NHVBS) • Australia has diverse range of heavy vehicles – important to ensure braking technologies are compatible • The NHVBS was released in 2008 and has been incorporated into the NRSS • Under Phase I of the NHVBS, Australia has mandated ABS for heavy trucks and buses and ABS or load proportioning brake systems for heavy trailers from July 2014 • As part of these requirements: • Trucks/buses equipped for towing must have facilities to power trailer Electronic Braking Systems (EBS) such as ABS/ESC, as well as provide the correct signalling for EBS operation where fitted • Trailers with rear couplings must provide wiring suitable to transmit ABS/ESC/EBS functions to follow-on trailers • Significant safety benefits for heavy vehicle industry • Phase II considers the case for ESC and is scheduled to commence this year.

9. Global Technical Regulation on Pole Side Impact • The Global Technical Regulation (GTR) on Pole Side impact (GTR 14) was adopted by WP29 on 13 November 2013 • Australia chaired the informal working group that developed the GTR

10. GTR on Pole Side Impact – Safety Benefits • Vehicle occupant side impact fatalities account for around 20% of the road toll in many countries (e.g. Australia, Germany, Great Britain, Korea, USA) • Head injuries are a common cause of death in side impact crashes and serious brain injuries have very high lifetime costs • The GTR performance requirements are expected to reduce vehicle occupant injury risk (particularly head injury risk) in pole side impact crashes as well as vehicle-to-vehicle side impact crashes

11. Summary of GTR performance requirements The vehicle-to-pole side impact test • The GTR establishes oblique vehicle-to-pole side impact performance requirements, including: • Head, thorax, abdominal and pelvis injury criteria limits • Door latch and hinge system integrity requirements • Post-crash fuel system integrity requirements • Moving vehicle to stationary rigid pole side impact • Oblique (75 degree) impact angle • Up to 32 km/h impact speed • 254 mm (10 inch) diameter rigid pole • WorldSID 50th percentile adult male (seated on the struck side of the vehicle) • The most biofidelic side impact dummy available

14. Transposition of the GTR into a UN Regulation • Australia has transposed the GTR on Pole Side Impact into a draft new UN Regulation which has been submitted to the UN WP 29 Working Party on Passive Safety (GRSP) for consideration at their 55th session, to be held 19-23 May 2014 in Geneva

15. Conclusions • There has been rapid expansion of safety research and available safety technology in recent years • The ADR program works towards an agreed set of priorities in line with international regulations through UN WP29 activities and also Australia’s National Road Safety Strategy 2011-20

16. Thank you