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Chile Earthquake 2010

Chile Earthquake 2010. Group 1. Comparison Information. Haiti Earthquake . Chili Earthquake. Transform Plate Boundary Plate boundaries involved was Caribbean Plate and North American Plate. Haiti sits on two plates Movement average of 7mm each year. January 12, 2010

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Chile Earthquake 2010

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  1. Chile Earthquake 2010 Group 1

  2. Comparison Information Haiti Earthquake Chili Earthquake Transform Plate Boundary Plate boundaries involved was Caribbean Plate and North American Plate. Haiti sits on two plates Movement average of 7mm each year. January 12, 2010 Haiti was separated by 300 mm with northern part moving west and southern moving east. Converging Plate Boundary Plate boundaries involved the Nazca Plate and the South American Plate. Chile is located near the two plates. Movement average 70 mm each year. February 27, 2010 Tsunami was created resulting in continental uplift of 3 meters above sea level

  3. Types of Plate Boundaries

  4. Tsunami are often generated at subduction zones along megathrust faults. When an overriding plate rebounds back up after being stuck and drug down by the subducting plate it may displace a very large volume of water generating a tsunami.

  5. Rapid underwater displacements of the seafloor (most often from earthquakes) can generatetsunami.

  6. Chile Earthquake 2010 Additional Information • Since 1973 there has been 13 earthquakes with the magnitude of 7 or greater. • One of the most active areas for earthquake activities. • The 2010 earthquake caused an upshift on the coastal area of central Chile. This upshift caused a shift in wave height in different areas causing a challenge in mitigation.

  7. Emergency Plans Candice busby-smith

  8. Chilean Codes & Standards Current Code • The current codes are contained in the Official Chilean Code NCh433. Of 96 on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings. The code was declared official on December 5, 1996 (Rojas 854). • The code applies to specific design codes of each of the materials to produce a structure that: • Resists moderate intensity seismic actions without damages • Limit damage to non-structural elements during earthquakes of regular intensity • Prevent collapse during earthquakes of exceptionally severe intensity, even though they show some damage

  9. Mitigation • These provisions for reinforced concrete wall buildings are based on their satisfactory behavior during the earthquake of March, 1985.

  10. Seismic Zonation of Chile • The seismic zonation is used to determine the design spectrum for buildings.

  11. Building Categories

  12. Building Permits • Before construction can begin, a building permit is required. The building permit requires that the independent structural and seismic reviewer must approve the plans. Also, the set of drawings must be submitted to the building department of the municipality (or township) where the site is located.

  13. Construction Quality & Inspection • Quality construction is regulated by four factors: • Township regulations • Construction specifications set by the structural design team in charge of the project • Internal standards of the construction companies • External construction inspection • For public projects, the law requires that public projects have external independent construction inspection. • For private projects, construction inspection is optional and is dependent on the desires of the owner of the project. • But nowadays, construction inspection is becoming a standard for medium to large projects to when the owner of the project is different from the construction companies in charge of the project.

  14. Aftermath Cindy Munoz

  15. Percentage of reported people affected by disaster type Estimated economic damages reported by disaster type (US$ x1000) Percentage of reported people killed by disaster type Chile's critical North-South highway was restored the day after the quake. The patchwork repairs soon enabled an aid convoy of 100 tractor-trailers to make the eight-hour journey south from the capital to the most damaged cities. Ten days after the quake, more than 90 percent of homes in the disaster area have regular power and water and a half-million survivors are getting water trucked in. Food aid is flowing in huge cargo planes and military helicopters, navy ships and tractor-trailers. Countless volunteers have turned out to help the 14,000 soldiers who stand guard and help deliver relief, and a national telethon raised $60 million — enough to build small emergency shelters for most of the poorest survivors whose homes were destroyed. Chile's navy and emergency preparedness office failed to issue a tsunami warning that might have saved hundreds of lives after the Feb. 27 quake, and Bachelet didn't order soldiers to impose order in the streets until after looting had spun out of control.

  16. Chile Today Mattie Lewis

  17. Reconstruction Efforts

  18. Affected Areas Today • Estimates of 65-85% of infrastructure has already been rebuilt, the rest is in progress • Government hopes to have all major construction done by March 2014 • Still a large need for counseling due to PTSD • Economy is struggling • Poverty has not decreased to the level pre-disaster • Tourism is still low

  19. Lessons Learned • Better Communication • Stricter building codes for houses and residential buildings • Citizens need to be better trained to handle disasters • Red Cross is training fisherman in first aid and disaster response • Family emergency planning is more widespread • Evacuation routes and sirens have been improved • Plans have been put in place to help tourists in case of a disaster

  20. Comparison to Other Disasters Caleb Hagan

  21. Haiti • Magnitude 7.0 • Occurred Tuesday, January 12, 2010 • Estimated 316,000 killed • Estimated 3,000,000 People were affected by the quake

  22. Chile vs. Haiti • Chilean earthquake was a greater magnitude but a lower death toll • Chile was/ is more prepared for an earthquake • Stricter building codes • Past experience with earthquakes • Professional emergency responders and agency

  23. Chile vs. Haiti • Haiti was extremely vulnerable due to • Being extremely poor • No emergency response plans • No earthquake experience • People weren't taught how to act during earthquakes • No building standards/ weak buildings

  24. Indian Ocean • Magnitude 9.1 • Occurred Sunday, December 26, 2004 • Death Toll estimated at 227,898 from following tsunami

  25. Chile vs. Indian Ocean • Indian Ocean quake was larger than Chile’s • All damage from the Indian Ocean quake was due to the tsunami • No early warning system caused casualties to be higher since people had no idea what was going on • Chile also suffered a tsunami but no where close to the magnitude of the Indian Ocean

  26. Emergency Plan Comparison Tyler scully

  27. San Francisco Emergency Response Plan: Earthquake Annex • The City and County of San Francisco (CCSF) Earthquake Annex provides an overview of considerations for CCSF response to a major earthquake in the San Francisco Bay Area. The primary purpose of this plan is to support effective management of the initial response. • Serve as a planning document to support further development of catastrophic incident plans by CCSF departments and agencies. • Provide an overview of the threats that earthquakes pose to CCSF and define the potential range of impacts represented by the most likely major earthquake scenarios. • Provide contextualinformation to guide initial response planning • This plan is primarily focused on response and short-term recovery operations. • Elements related to preparedness, long-term recovery, and mitigation are not included. • Secondary sources for mitigation and preparedness are available

  28. Studying Other Events • San Francisco Department of Emergency Management studied other disasters and analyzed issues that occurred • California Bay Area (1989)Los Angeles (1994)Japan (1995)

  29. Initial Response • Save lives • Restore services • Provide care • Provide shelter • Coordination of response efforts • Requesting Assistance • Multi-tasking • Coordinating with FEMA • Inform Public • Work with Fed/State agents

  30. Transition to Recovery • Reduction in IDLH environments • Mutual Aid released • LACs operational • SAR operations ended • Shelter pop. declining • Aftershocks diminished • Structures stable • Fire supp. ended

  31. BAEA 7 Steps to Preparedness • Identify hazards • Create plan • Prepare supply kits • Identify and reduce weaknesses • Protect yourself • Self-evaluate

  32. Citations “Chile Quake Affects Two Million, says Bachelet.” (n.d.). Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8541347.stm “Earthquakes with 50,000 or more deaths.” (n.d.). Retrieved from http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/most_destructive.php “Magnitude 7.0 - haiti region.” (n.d.). Retrieved from http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2010/ us2010rja6/ “Magnitude 8.8 - offshore bio-bio, chile.” ((n.d.)). Retrieved from http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2010/ us2010tfan/ “Red cross: 3m haitians affected by quake.” (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/news/red-cross-3m-haitians-affected-by- quake/ Rojas, F., Lew, M., & Naeim, F. (2010). “An overview of building codes and standards in Chile at the time of the 27 February 2010 offshore Maule, Chile earthquake.” Structural Design Of Tall & Special Buildings, 19(8), 853-865. doi:10.1002/tal.676 "Seven Steps to Earthquake Safety." Bay Area Earthquake Alliance. Scott Haefner, 03 June 2010. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://bayquakealliance.org/ prepare/7steps/>. "SF72 Is San Francisco's Hub for Emergency Preparedness.” SF72. San Francisco Department of Emergency Management, n.d. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. <http://www.sf72.org/home>. "Three Years On." David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies. Harvard University, 27 Feb. 2013. Web. 18 Nov. 2013. Berrong, Stephanie. "Lessons Learned from Chile's Earthquake." International Contingency Planning. Security Management, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2013. www.securitymanagement.com/article/lessons-learned-chiles-earthquake-007172. Braunstein, Tamara. "Chile Earthquake and Tsunami Recovery 3 Years Later." American Red Cross, 27 Feb. 2013. Web. 18 Nov. 2013. California. City and County of San Francisco. Department of Emergency Management. City and County of San Francisco Emergency Response Plan: Earthquake Annex. N.p.: n.p., 2008. Print. California. City and County of San Francisco. Department of Emergency Management. City and County of San Francisco Emergency Response Plan. N.p.: n.p., 2010. Print. California. Governor's Office of Emergency Services, Coastal Region. San Francisco Bay Area Regional Emergency Coordination Plan. N.p.: n.p., 2008. Print. “Chile earthquake 2010: Why the haiti earthquake wasn’t .” (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/02/28/chile-haiti earthquake-2010- comparison_n_480153.html “Chile Lowers Earthquake Death Toll.” (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/mar/05/chile- earthquake- death-toll-revised

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