Recovery of earthquake 2010 in chile.

1. Recovery of earthquake 2010 in chile. David Fuentes, consultant

2. presentation • Biochemist, specialized in Chemical emergency • JICA and PAHO consultant in the area, • LATAM group leader, alumni UKobe-DDR • more than 10 years dedicated to risk management and emergency management in the health area,

3. Therecovery of a disaster • Preparation is critical to success. • There must be a plan. • Response must be properly planned and practiced. • There must be a organization. • Reconstitution must start very quickly. • There must be a resources.

4. Basic Equation to Solve Disasters Preparation Local Response Regional Response Recovery Time 2 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 Disaster

5. Earthquake and tsunami 2010 • Extent of disaster: • At February 27, 2010 an earthquake of 8.8 degrees on the Richter scale (fifth largest in history) and tsunami affected our country where live more than 12.88 million inhabitants, corresponding to 75% of the population of our country.

6. Earthquake and tsunami 2010

7. Talcahuano 71

8. Santiago - Vespucio Sur 12

9. Ruta 5 19

10. DichatobeforeDichatoafter 110

11. PublicsensationsApart from the loss of human life, which you think is the most serious effect of the earthquake and tsunami to the country?

12. Costs Estimation of the Chile Earthquake 2010

13. Goverment plan 33 days 27/2 al 31/3 1. Citizensemergency 4 months 27/2 al 21/6 2. Winter emergency 4 years 27/2 al 11/3/2010 3. Recovery plan

14. Emergencyhouses • Wereconstructedalmost 80.000 emergencyhouses . • More of 75.000 emergencyhouseswereconstructed in thesamesite

15. Emergencyhouses • Almost 5000 familysdonthavesitefortoconstructed , thenwascreate 107 villages. • Theconstruction in ownsiteisthe more importantproblem (> 95% peoples)

16. villages

17. Sanitaryequipment • 8 modules separatesbathroom share 2/3 family, eithtoliet, shower and lavatory.

19. 107 villagesforalmost 5.000 family • Emergencyhouseswithtermicisolation and electricenergy • Family bathrooms shared between 2-3 families • Social buildings • Stabilized grounds and security • Assistance in the process of permanent housing

21. Road and Bridges Damages Ruta 5 Valdivia Río Claro Ruta 5 Pelluhue Santiago Ruta 5 Gobierno de Chile | Ministerio de Obras Públicas

22. Main Problems on Roads and Bridges • Lateral spreading in embankments and abutments, many of themduetoliquefaction. • Failures of soil and/or in bridges´sstructures. • Oldmasonry and reinforced concrete bridges collapsed. • Somerecentreinforced concrete bridges collapsedduetoimproperseismicdesign. • Somebridges can berepaired, otherswillbereplaced.

23. Reconstruction Plan • Manyprojectstobeconstructed in 2010 weredelayedtofree resoursesfortheemergency. • Privateroadswereinsured. Aftertemporaryrepairs, reconstructionwasstarted. Publicroads and bridges are notinsured. • Someimportant bridges hadalreadyrepaired.

24. Damaged bridges

27. New Criteriafor Bridges SeismicDesign • SeatLenght • Lateral Beams (in all Bridges) • Intermediate and Extrema SeismicStoppers • Skewed Bridges (Analysis) • Integral Bridges (Twospans) • ElastomericBearings (Test, Anchor and Design) • Vertical AnchorBars

28. RepairedStructures 2,0 – 2,5 m 20 cm

29. DAMAGE SURVEY IN PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE •  Damage to public infrastructure reached 1,702 points: • 40% of Rural Water Systems were damaged. • 1.554 Km of no-concessionroads & highways. • 12% of pedestrian walkways in all country's road. • 212 Bridges: Included the two largest in the region of Biobío -Puente Juan Pablo II and Llacolén-, thus affecting the circulation of more than 4,500 trucks and 400,000 vehicles.

30. DAMAGE SURVEY IN PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE • 28 low fishing coves and 7 berths. • 14 channels of irrigation, 6 water reservoirs, 54 river defenses, 21 rain water collectors. • 9 airports and airfields: The country's main airport, Arturo Merino Benitez, had a restricted operation for about five days, decreasing by 70% its capacity and affecting more than 250,000 passengers.

31. Emergency and Reconstruction response three priorities for early recovery: Accelerate the availability of urban and rural potable water. Recover the connectivity of the country, and then to gradually improve its standard. 3. Recover the minimum functionality of public infrastructure in support of basic economic activities and livelihood, like artisanal fishing coves.

32. Progress in Reconstruction • To date, 100% of the country's public infrastructure that was damaged by the earthquake has regained its basic functionality (operation).

33. LESSONS LEARNED AND CHALLENGES • Need for timely and reliable information • Unified reporting at ministerial level • Management: Strategic– Tactical – OperationalLevels • Intersectoral coordination with a regional focus. • Articulation processes: Warning - Emergency - Reconstruction • Information systems; Management model; changes inorganizationalstructure

34. Situation in Healtharea Damage records • After EQ, theHealthMinisterybegin a evaluationwork of thehealthfacilitiesfortoknowiftheyareafuncionallyornot. • Anybuildingsmustbedemolished, otherforrepairsinmediatelyor a middle time, and otherwereworkingwithoutproblems • Theevaluationlistwasseveralstandards.

35. results • 25% hospitalswithseveredamagetoitsstructure. 5% are of woodormud (adobe). • 80% withoutstructuraldamages. • Operativesystem: • 88% withwater and sewerage • 90% withelectricenergy • 75% withwatertank • 17% withcommunicationssystem

36. Damage most common structural elements and causes: • Damage in expansion joints: • Not available in installments • By making defective • For poor maintenance • Damaged coating detachment columns - reinforcement mats in sight • For lack of stirrups in most cases • For overcoming admissible deformation levels

37. Damage most common structural elements and causes: • Cracks and fissures diagonal, horizontal and vertical estructures: • In adobe and masonry structures by simple lack of confinement (no compliance) • In concrete, when the system structural deformation exceeded allowable levels by collision or bad elements dilated • For settlement of foundations • For pond water buildup on roof

38. Hospital de Parral

39. Hospital de Cauquenes

40. Hospital de Curicó (daño en columna superación niveles deformación)

41. Hospital de Curepto

42. Damage to nonstructural elements and causes more frequent: • Cracks and fissures diagonal, horizontal and vertical masonry partition walls, partition walls and light, in some cases with material detachment and collapse: • For lack of solidarity between partitions and structural elements or by lack of expansion between the two elements • For overcoming distortion levels of the structure • Detachment of stucco and wall and floor coverings: • For poor execution of the elements of terminations • On the difference in the elasticities of materials

43. Hospital de Curicó

44. Hospital de Talca

45. Hospital de Curepto

46. Readyforanotherdisaster • Evaluate security previously each health facility (hospital insurance guide) MINSAL - OPS. • Database upgrade health infrastructure (flat, information systems) MINSAL

47. Norma infrastructure update on structural, non-structural and strategic buildings ICC - MINVU - MINSAL (in approval process) • Defining priority customers (demand in energy and utilities disaster) MINENERGIA - MINSAL

48. organization

50. ¡Thank !