710 likes | 1.59k Views
MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES. INDIVIDUAL MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES. LOW CRAWL. 1. WHEN THE ROUTE YOU HAVE SELECTED PROVIDES COVER AND CONCEALMENT LESS THAN ONE FOOT HIGH 2. WHEN THE TERRAIN YOU ARE CROSSING PROVIDES GOOD ENEMY OBSERVATION 3. WHEN SPEED IS NOT REQUIRED. HIGH CRAWL.
E N D
MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES
LOW CRAWL 1. WHEN THE ROUTE YOU HAVE SELECTED PROVIDES COVER AND CONCEALMENT LESS THAN ONE FOOT HIGH 2. WHEN THE TERRAIN YOU ARE CROSSING PROVIDES GOOD ENEMY OBSERVATION 3. WHEN SPEED IS NOT REQUIRED
HIGH CRAWL 1. WHEN YOUR MOVEMENT ROUTE PROVIDES GOOD COVER AND CONCEALMENT 2. WHEN POOR VISIBILITY REDUCES THE POSSIBILITY OF YOUR BEING SPOTTED 3. WHEN THE TERRAIN OR VEGETATION ARE ONLY SUITABLE FOR THE LOW CRAWL, BUT SPEED IS REQUIRED
RUSH 1. WHEN YOU MUST CROSS OPEN AREAS. 2. WHEN TIME IS CRITICAL.
THE INFANTRYMAN: Supervises, leads, or serves as a member of an infantry activity that employs individual or crew served weapons in support of offensive and defensive combat operations THE FIRE TEAM COMPONENTS Most infantry operates in "Fire Teams" of three to four men, with two or three such teams to squad. When attacking, each man in the team has a specific job. 1) Fire team leaders control the fire of their soldiers by using standard fire commands (initial and supplemental) containing the following elements: Alert, Direction, Description, Range, Method of fire (manipulation and rate of fire), and command to commence firing 2) The Automatic Rifleman (or light machine gunner) tries to pin the enemy down. 3) The Grenadier (armed, usually, with an M203 or the equivalent) does two things: helps the automatic rifleman isolate the enemy position, and looks for an opening to shoot a grenade at it. 4) One or two men, under cover of the Automatic Rifleman and Grenadier, attempt to close with the enemy position and kill the enemy.
THE FIRE TEAM FORMATIONS • WEDGE AND FILE • USED FOR CONTROL FLEXIBILITY AND SECURITY • LEADERS ARE UP FRONT IN THE FORMATION WHICH • ALLOWS THEM TO LEAD BY EXAMPLE. • “FOLLOW ME AND DO AS I DO.” • ALL SOLDIERS IN THE TEAM MUST BE ABLE TO SEE • THE LEADER
WEDGE FORMATION • IS THE BASIC FORMATION FOR THE FIRE TEAM • THE INTERVAL BETWEEN SOLDIERS IS NORMALLY 10 • METERS • EXPANDS AND CONTRACTS DEPENDING ON TERRAIN • WHEN ROUGH TERRAIN AND POOR VISIBILITY OR OTHER FACTORS • MAKE CONTROL OF THE WEDGE DIFFICULT • - NORMAL INTERVAL IS REDUCED SO THAT THE • TEAM LEADER CAN SEE HIS OR HER SQUAD • - THE SIDES OF THE WEDGE CAN CONTRACT TO • THE POINT WHERE THE WEDGE RESEMBLES A FILE • WHEN MOVING IN LESS RUGGED TERRAIN WHERE CONTROL • IS EASIER, SOLDIERS EXPAND OR RESUME THEIR ORIGINAL • POSITIONS
FIRE TEAM WEDGE TEAM LEADER TEAM LEADER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN GRENADIER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN GRENADIER RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN
TEAM LEADER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN GRENADIER RIFLEMAN FIRE TEAM FILE • USED WHEN THE TERRAIN PRECLUDES THE USE OF THE • WEDGE
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN NORMALLY USED MOVEMENT FORMATION FIRE CAPABILITIES / RESTRICTIONS FLEXIBILITY SECURITY CONTROL BASIC FIRE TEAM FORMATION EASY GOOD ALLOWS IMMEDIATE FIRES IN ALL DIRECTIONS GOOD FIRE TEAM WEDGE FIRE TEAM FILE CLOSE TERRAIN DENSE VEGETAT- IONS, LIMITED VISIBILITY CONDITIONS EASIEST LESS FLEXIBLE THAN THE WEDGE ALLOWS IMMEDIATE FIRES TO THE FLANKS. MASK MOST FIRES TO THE REAR LEAST COMPARISON OF FIRE TEAM FORMATIONS
SQUAD FORMATIONS • SQUAD FORMATIONS DESCRIBE THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN • FIRE TEAMS IN THE SQUAD. • THEY INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: • SQUAD COLUMN • SQUAD LINE
SQUAD COLUMN • IS THE SQUAD’S MOST COMMON FORMATION • IT PROVIDES GOOD DISPERSION LATERALLY AND IN DEPTH • WITHOUT SACRIFICING CONTOL, WHILE FACILITATING GOOD • MANUVERABILITY • WHEN THE SQUAD MOVES INDEPENDENTLY OR AS THE REAR • ELEMENT OF THE PLATOON, THE RIFLEMAN IN THE TRAIL FIRE • TEAM PROVIDES REAR SECURITY
(POINT MAN) TEAM LEADER (COMPASS) AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN GRENADIER (PASE) RIFLEMAN SQUAD LEADER TEAM LEADER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN GRENADIER RIFLEMAN SQUAD COLUMN WITH FIRE TEAMS IN COLUMN.
SQUAD LINE TEAM LEADER TEAM LEADER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN GRENADIER GRENADIER RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN SQUAD LEADER • THE SQUAD LINE PROVIDES MAXIMUM FIREPOWER TO THE • FRONT. • WHEN THE SQUAD IS ACTING AS THE BASE SQUAD, THE FIRE • TEAM ON THE RIGHT IS THE BASE FIRE TEAM
SQUAD FILE • IS USED WHEN NOT TRAVELING IN A COLUMN OR LINE • HAS THE SAME CHARACTERISTICS AS THE FIRE TEAM FILE • SQUAD LEADER CAN BE MOVED FROM NORMAL POSITION TO • THE FIRST OR SECOND POSITION: • - TO INCREASE CONTROL OVER THE FORMATION • - EXERT GREATER MORAL PRESENCE BY LEADING • FROM THE FRONT • - IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE TO MAKE KEY DECISIONS • ADDITIONAL CONTROL OVER THE REAR OF THE FORMATION CAN • BE PROVIDED BY MOVING A TEAM LEADER TO THE LAST POSTION.
TEAM LEADER GRENADIER SQUAD LEADER (OPTIONAL) AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN SQUAD LEADER (NORMAL) TEAM LEADER GRENADIER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN TEAM LEADER (OPTIONAL) RIFLEMAN SQUAD FILE
COMPARISON OF SQUAD FORMATIONS CHARACTERISTICS WHEN NORMALLY USED MOVEMENT FORMATION FIRE CAPABILITIES / RESTRICTIONS FLEXIBILITY SECURITY CONTROL SQUAD COLUMN SQUAD PRIMARY FORMATION GOOD FACILITATES MANEUVER, GOOD DISPERSION LATERALLY AND IN DEPTH ALLOWS LARGE VOLUME OF FIRE TO THE FLANK – LIMMITED VOLUME TO THE FRONT ALL - ROUND FIRE TEAM FILE WHEN MAXIMUM FIREPOWER IS REQUIRED TO THE FRONT NOT AS GOOD AS SQUAD COLUMN LIMITED MANEUVER CAPABILITY (BOTH FIRE TEAMS COMMITTED). ALLOWS MAXIMUM IMMEDIATE FIRE TO THE FRONT GOOD TO THE FRONT LITTLE TO THE FLANKS AND REAR SQUAD FILE CLOSE TERRAIN VEGETATION LIMITED VISIBILITY CONDITIONS EASIEST MOST DIFFICULT FORMATION FROM WHICH TO MANEUVER ALLOWS MAXIMUM IMMEDIATE FIRE TO THE FLANK MASKS MOST FIRE TO THE FRONT AND REAR LEAST
PLATOON FORMATIONS • PLATOON FORMATIONS CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING • - PLATOON IN COLUMN • - PLATOON LINE (SQUADS ON LINE OR IN COLUMN) • - PLATOON VEE • - PLATOON WEDGE • THE LEADER SHOULD WEIGH THESE CAREFULLY TO SELECT THE • BEST FORMATION BASED ON HIS MISSION AND ON METT-T • (MISSION, EQUIPMENT, TERAIN, TROOPS AVAILABLE AND TIME • AVAILABLE) ANNALSIS
PLATOON COLUMN • IS THE SQUAD’S PLATOON’S PRIMARY MOVEMENT FORMATION • IT PROVIDES GOOD DISPERSION BOTH LATERALLY AND IN DEPTH • AND SIMPLIFIES CONTROL. • THE LEAD SQUAD IS THE BASE SQUAD. • NOTE: METT-T WILL DETERMINE WHERE CREW SERVED WEAPONS • WILL MOVE IN THE FORMATION. THEY NORMALLY MOVE • WITH THE PLATOON LEADER SO HE CAN QUICKLY ESTABLISH • A BASE OF FIRE
X PLATOON IN COLUMN TL GRN AR R LEAD SQUAD SL TL AR GRN R PLT LDR X RATELO FO FO RATELO MG CREW MG CREW TL CENTER SQUAD AR GRN LEGEND PLT LDR – PLATOON LEADER PSG – PLATOON SERGEANT SL – SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN- GRENADIER R – RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RATELO – RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG CREW – MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN – COMBAT LIFE SAVER R SL GRN TL AR R PSG AID MAIN (CLS) TL TRAIL SQUAD AR GRN R SL TL GRN AR R
PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS – ON - LINE • BASIC PLATOON ASSAULT FORMATION • THIS FORMATION ALLOWS THE DELIVERY OF MAXIMUM FIRE TO • THE FRONT BUT LITTLE FIRE TO THE FLANKS. • IS HARD TO CONTROL AND DOES NOT ALOW FOR RAPID MOVEMENT • WHEN TWO OR MORE PLATOONS ARE ATTACKING, THE COMPANY • COMMANDER CHOOSES ONE OF THEM AS THE BASE PLATOON. • THE BASE PLATOON’S CENTER SQUAD IS ITS BASE SQUAD. • WHEN THE PLATOON IS NOT ACTING AS THE BASE PLATOON, ITS BASE • SQUAD IS ITS FLANK SQUAD NEAREST THE BASE PLATOON. • THE MACHINE GUNS CAN MOVE WITH THE PLATOON, OR THEY CAN • SUPPORT BY FIRE FROM A SUPPORT POSITION.
X PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS - ON - LINE TL TL TL TL TL TL GRN GRN AR AR GRN AR AR GRN GRN AR AR GRN SL SL SL PSG R PLT LDR R R X R R R AR RATELO AID MAIN (CLS) FO MG CREW FO RATELO MG CREW CENTER SQUAD RIGHT FLANK SQUAD LEFT FLANK SQUAD NOTE: SQUAD LEADER (SL) POSITIONS HIMSELF WHERE HE CAN BEST CONTROL THE SQUAD LEGEND PLT LDR – PLATOON LEADER PSG – PLATOON SERGEANT SL – SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN- GRENADIER R – RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RATELO – RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG CREW – MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN – COMBAT LIFE SAVER
PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS – IN - COLUMN • USED WHEN THE PLATOON LEADER DOES NOT WANT TO DEPLOY ALL • PERSONNEL ON LINT. AND WHEN HE WANTS THE SQUADS TO REACT TO • UNEXPECTED CONTACT. • IS EASY TO CONTROL AND IS MORE CAPABLE OF RAPID MOVEMENT • THE PLATOON-LINE OR SQUADS-ON-LINE FORMATION. • DOES NOT FACILITATE RAPID MOVEMENT AS WELL AS A PLATOON IN • COLUMN • BASE SQUAD IS THE CENTER SQUAD • WHEN NOT SERVING AS THE BASE PLATOON, THE FLANK NEAREST THE • BASE PLATOON IS THE BASE SQUAD
X PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS – IN - COLUMN TL TL TL GRN GRN GRN AR AR AR R R PLT LDR X R PSG FO RATELO MG CREW SL SL SL AID MAIN (CLS) MG CREW TL TL TL AR GRN AR GRN AR GRN FO RATELO R R R RIGHT FLANK SQUAD LEFT FLANK SQUAD CENTER SQUAD LEGEND PLT LDR – PLATOON LEADER PSG – PLATOON SERGEANT SL – SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN- GRENADIER R – RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RATELO – RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG CREW – MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN – COMBAT LIFE SAVER
PLATOON VEE • HAS TWO SQUADS UP FRONT TO PROVIDE A HEAVY VOLUME OF FIRE • ON CONTACT • ONE SQUAD SERVES AS EITHER OVERWATCH OR TRAIL FOR THE OTHER • SQUADS • FORMATION IS HARD TO CONTROL • MOVEMENT IS SLOW • THE PLATOON LEADER DESIGNATES ONE OF THE FRONT SQUADS TO BE • THE PLATOONS BASE SQUAD.
X TL TL PLATOON VEE AR GRN GRN AR R R SL PLT LDR X SL TL RATELO TL AR GRN FO GRN AR MG CREW FO RATELO R R PSG AID MAIN (CLS) LEFT FLANK SQUAD RIGHT FLANK SQUAD MG CREW TL AR GRN SL R TL AR GRN R CENTER SQUAD LEGEND PLT LDR – PLATOON LEADER PSG – PLATOON SERGEANT SL – SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN- GRENADIER R – RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RATELO – RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG CREW – MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN – COMBAT LIFE SAVER
PLATOON WEDGE • HAS TWO SQUADS IN THE REAR THAT CAN OVERWATCH OR TRAIL THE • LEAD SQUAD • PROVIDES A LARGE VOLUME OF FIRE TO THE FRONT OR FLANKS. • IT ALLOWS THE PLATOON LEADER TO MAKE CONTACT WITH A SQUAD • AND STILL HAVE ONE OR TWO SQUADS FOR MANEUVER. • THE LEAD SQUAD IS THE BASE SQUAD
X PLATOON WEDGE TL GRN AR R SL TL LEGEND PLT LDR – PLATOON LEADER PSG – PLATOON SERGEANT SL – SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN- GRENADIER R – RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RATELO – RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG CREW – MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN – COMBAT LIFE SAVER GRN AR R LEAD SQUAD PLT LDR X RATELO FO MG CREW FO RATELO PSG AID MAIN (CLS) MG CREW TL TL GRN AR R GRN AR SL R SL TL AR TL GRN GRN AR R R RIGHT FLANK SQUAD LEFT FLANK SQUAD
PLATOON FILE • SINGLE PLATOON FILE WITH A FRONT SECURITY ELEMENT (POINT) AND • FLANK SECURITY ELEMENTS. • USED WHEN VISIBILITY IS POOR DUE TO TERRAIN, VEGITATION, OR • LIGHT CONDITIONS. • DISTIANCE IS LESS THAN IN OTHER FORMATIONS, TO ALLOW • COMMUNICATION BY PASSING MESSAGES UP AND DOWN THE FILE. • HAS THE SAME CHARACTERISTICS AS THE FIRE TEAM AND SQUAD • FILES
X PLATOON FILE TL POINT SECURITY TEAM GRN AR R SL PLT LDR X FO RATELO FO RATELO MG CREW TL TL MG CREW GRN AR GRN TL R AR R GRN AR FLANK SECURITY TEAM FLANK SECURITY TEAM R SL TL GRN AR R LEGEND PLT LDR – PLATOON LEADER PSG – PLATOON SERGEANT SL – SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN- GRENADIER R – RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RATELO – RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG CREW – MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN – COMBAT LIFE SAVER AID MAIN (CLS) PSG TL GRN AR R SL TL GRN AR R
MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES • A MOVEMENT TECHNIQUE IS THE MANNER A PLATOON USES TO TRAVERSE TERRAIN. • THERE ARE THREE MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES: • TRAVELING • TRAVELING OVER - WATCH • BOUNDING OVER – WATCH • THE SELECTION OF A MOVEMENT TECHINIQUE IS BASED ON THE LIKELIHOOD OF ENEMY • CONTACT AND THE NEED FOR SPEED • MOVEMENT TECHINQUES ARE NOT FIXED FORMATIONS. • THEY REFER TO THE DISTANCE BETWEEN SOLDIERS, TEAMS, AND SQUADS THAT VARY BASED ON • MISSION, ENEMY, TERRAIN, VISIBILITY, AND ANY • OTHER FACTO THAT AFFECTS CONTROL. • SOLDIERS MUST BE ABLE TO SEE THEIR FIRE TEAM LEADERS. • PLATOON LEADER SHOULD BE ABLE TO SEE HIS LEAD SQUAD LEADER • LEADERS CONTROL MOVEMENT WITH HAND AND ARM SIGNALS. RADIOS ONLY WHEN NEEDED. • ANY OF THE THREE MOVEMENTS CAN BE USED WITH ANY FORMATION.
MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES AND CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS WHEN NORMALLY USED MOVEMENT FORMATION SPEED FLEXIBILITY SECURITY CONTROL CONTACT NOT LIKELY MOORE LESS FASTEST LEAST TRAVELING CONTACT POSSIBLE LESS MORE SLOWER MORE TRAVELING OVERWATCH CONTACT EXPECTED MOST MOST SLOWEST MOST BOUNDING OVERWATCH NOTE: THE PLATOON LEADER WILL DIRECT WHICH MOVEMENT TECHNIQUE THE SQUAD WILL USE
TRAVELING • USED WHEN CONTACT WITH ENEMY IS NOT LIKELY AND SPEED IS NEEDED TEAM LEADER GRENDIER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN SQUAD LEADER + 20 METERS TEAM LEADER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN GRENDIER RIFLEMAN
TRAVELING OVERWATCH • USED WHEN CONTACT WITH ENEMY IS POSSIBLE • ATTACHED WEAPONS MOVE NEAR THE SQUAD LEADER AND UNDER THIS • CONTROL SO HE OR SHE CAN DEPLOY THEM QUICKLY. TEAM LEADER GRENDIER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN + 50 METERS SQUAD LEADER TEAM LEADER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN GRENDIER RIFLEMAN
BOUNDING OVERWATCH • USED WHEN CONTACT WITH ENEMY EXPECTED OR A DANGER AREA MUST • BE CROSSED • THE LEAD TEAM OVERWATCHES FIRST SOLDIERS SCAN THE AREA. SQUAD • LEADER USUALLY STAYS WITH THE OVERWATCH TEAM. • THE TRAIL FIRE TEAM BOUNDS AND SIGNALS THE SQUAD LEADER WHEN HIS • TEAM COMPLETES ITS BOUND AND IS PREPARED TO OVERWATCH THE • MOVEMENT OF THE OTHER TEAM • BOTH TEAM LEADERS NEED TO KNOW: • IF SUCCESSIVE OR ALTERNATE BOUNDS WILL BE USED AND WHERE • WHICH TEAM THE SQUAD LEADER WILL BE IN. • ROUTE, DESTINATION, POSSIBLE ENEMY LOCATIONS, ACTIONS TO TAKE • WHEN THEY ARIVE AT THEIR DESTINATION, AND HOW HE OR SHE WILL • RECEIVE HIS OR HER INSTRUCTIONS. • THE COVER AND CONCEALMENT ON TH BOUNDING TEAM’S ROUTE • DICTATES HOW ITS SOLDIERS WILL MOVE
TRAVELING (PLATOON) • THE PLATOON LEADER DETERMINES AND DIRECTS WHICH MOVEMENT TECHNIQUE • THE PLATOON WILL USE. • TRAVELING IS USED WHEN ENEMY CONTACT IS NOT LIKELY AND SPEED IS NEEDED LEAD SQUAD IN TRAVELING OVERWATCH FORMATION + 20 METERS PLATOON HQ / WEAPONS + 20 METERS + 20 METERS PLATOON SERGENAT, AIDMAN, WEAPONS (OPTIONAL) + 20 METERS
TRAVELING OVERWATCH (PLATOON) • TRAVELING OVERWATCH IS USED WHEN CONTACT IS POSSIBLE BUT SPEED • IS NEEDED • THE PLATOON LEADER MOVES WHERE HE OR SHE CAN BEST CONTROL THE • PLATOON • THE PLATOON SERGEANT IS FREE TO MOVE THROUGHOUT THE FORMATION • TO ENFORCE, NOISE AND LIGHT DISCIPLINE, AND DISTANCES BETWEEN • SQUADS • THE LEAD SQUAD USES TRAVELING OVERWATCH AND THE TRAILING • SQUADS USE TRAVELING.
LEAD SQUAD IN TRAVELING OVERWATCH FORMATION + 50 TO 100 METERS PLATOON HQ / WEAPONS + 20 METERS + 20 METERS PLATOON SERGENAT, AIDMAN, WEAPONS (OPTIONAL) + 20 METERS TRAVELING OVERWATCH (PLATOON)
BOUNDING OVERWATCH (PLATOON) • BOUNDING OVERWATCH IS USED WHEN CONTACT IS EXPECTED • COMPONENTS FOR A BOUNDING OVERWATCH ARE: • ONE SQUAD BOUNDING, THIS SQUAD BOUNDS FROWARD TO A • CHOSEN POSITION, THEN IT BECOMES THE OVERWATHCING • ELEMENT. THE BOUNDING SQUAD CAN USE EITHER TRAVELING • OVERWATCH OR BOUNDING OVERWATCH OR INDIVIDUAL • MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES (LOW AND HIGH CRAWL, AND SHORT • RUSHES BY FIRE TEAM OR PAIRS). • ONE SQUAD OVERWATCHING. THIS SQUAD OVERWATCHES THE • BOUNDING SQUAD FROM A COVERED POSTION FROM WHICH IT • CAN SEE AND SUPPRESS LIKELY ENEMY POSITIONS. SOLDIERS • USE SCANNING TECHNIQUES TO VIEW THEIR ASSIGNED SECTOR. • NOTE: THE PLATOON LEADER REMAINS WITH THE OVERWATCHING SQUAD • NORMALLY THE PLATOONS’S MACHINE GUNS ARE LOCATED WITH • THE OVERWATCHING SQUAD ALSO • - ONE SQUAD AWAITIN ORDERS. ONE SQUAD IS UNCOMMITTED AND • READY FOR EMPLOYMENT AS DIRECTED BY THE PLATOON LEADER. • THE PLATOON SERGEANT AND THE LEADER OF THE SQUAD AWAITING • ORDERS POSITION THEMSELVES CLOSE TO THE PLATOON LEADER.