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Poland and Lithuania

Poland and Lithuania. Human language families. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f7/Human_Language_Families_Map.PNG :D : D. Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zX00OjIwcIM&feature=watch_response. Poland. Capital : Warsaw Population : 38,2 million

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Poland and Lithuania

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  1. Poland and Lithuania

  2. Humanlanguagefamilies http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f7/Human_Language_Families_Map.PNG :D :D

  3. Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zX00OjIwcIM&feature=watch_response

  4. Poland Capital: Warsaw Population: 38,2 million Currency: PLN; Złoty (1 Euro = 4,36PLN) Economic growth:3,8% Inflation (01.2011): 3,8% Unemployment (12.2010): 12,3% Major religion: Christianity

  5. Polishsociety • Ethnically, modern Poland is almost homogenous. According to the 2002 Census, the minorities account for about 3-4 percent of the population, which is equivalent to some 1.5 million people.

  6. SecondPolish Republic

  7. This dramatic change in ethnic structure was due to the atrocities of the Second World War and the post-war policy of Poland's communist authorities. • 6 million lives were lost as a result of military operations and mass extermination; • another 6.5 million found themselves outside the changed Poland's borders, • 1.7 million people were deported or forced to emigrate.

  8. TheSecond Republic of Poland • In the inter-war period (1918-1939) the Second Republic of Poland had 11.3 million citizens of non-Polish nationality, who constituted 35 percent of the entire population (as surveyed in 1931).  

  9. National minority Polandis inhabited bymembers of 9 national minorities: • Belorussians, • Czechs, • Lithuanians, • Germans, • Armenians, • Russians, • Slovaks, • Ukrainians, • Jews

  10. National minority • The biggest minority in today's Poland is the Germans. Their number is estimated as about 150,000 (800,000 in 1931) and they live mainly in Silesia. • The second biggest group is the Belorussians, who number about 49,000 (1.9 million in 1931) and live mainly in the east. • The third largest minority is the Ukrainians, who after the war were forced to resettle in the new territories in the west and north part of the country. Their number is about 31,000 (5 million in 1931).

  11. Ethnicminority • Karaites, • Lemkos, • Roma • Tartars In addition, in the PomorskieVoivodship thereare Kashubians a community speaking their own regional language.

  12. Silesian?

  13. Polishemigration

  14. Waves of polishemigration

  15. Polishemigrations • Polish immigrants come from several waves of migration:First wave: refugees after the national uprisings in the nineteenth century (mainly to France, Great Britain, Switzerland, Germany and North America)Secondwave:emigration in the second half of Nineteenth century up to 1939 (mostly workers in France, Belgium and Germany; peasants to the United States, Canada, Brazil and Argentina),Third wave:emigration as a result of World War II and for political reasons after the war,Fourthwave:emigration of Polish Jews by ethnic tensions and anti-Semitic persecution (at different wavelengths and periods, before the war and after the war, including the so-called. pomarcowa emigration years 1968-1971)Fifthwave:emigration of economic and political causes in the 80s Twentieth century,emigration after 1989 (mainly to Britain, Ireland, Germany, Austria, Italy, Canada and the United States).

  16. Famous person from first wave: • Fryderyk Chopin, • Marie Skłodowska – Curie, • Kazimierz Puławski, • Tadeusz Kościuszko, • Józef Lis aka „Jack theRipper” ;)

  17. Adam Mickiewicz AdomasMickevičius

  18. Polish diaspora today

  19. The largest Diasporas in the world Source: http://archiwum.wspolnotapolska.org.pl/?id=pwko00

  20. Polishdistricts

  21. 2007 • Platforma Obywatelska won a parlamentaryelections. One of the most importanttheme slogan was „We can be thesecond Ireland” Many Polescame back to Poland, par examplein 2009, 123 000 came back from Germany.

  22. Whytheycome back? • http://wyborcza.biz/biznes/0,118175.html

  23. Nowadaysaboutidentity 34 millionof Poles (89 percent of Poland population) are baptized in the Catholic rite; Half of themeparticipateinSunday’s mass.

  24. Quick Factsabout LITHUANIA(LITUANIE – in French ;) )

  25. Lithuania • Capital: Vilnius ((548 835 inhabitants) • Official language:Lithuanian • Area:65.300 km2 • Population:3.394.000 • National currency:Litas (LTL) 3.4528 Lt = 1 euro • Neighboring countries:Latvia, Belarus, Poland, and Russia

  26. Lithuania • International membership: • NATO member  since 29 March, 2004 • Member of European Union since  1 May, 2004 • Political system: Republic • Head of State: President , Government, Seimas (Parliament)

  27. Ethnic composition (%): • Lithuanians: 83.5 • Poles: 6.7 • Russians: 6.3 • Belorussians: 1.2 • Other: 2.3

  28. 61,3 % Poles 22,4 % Lithuanians 8,4 % Russians 4,4 % Belorussians 3,5 % Others Ethnical composition in Vilnius’ region

  29. PROBLEMS WITH MINORITIES

  30. 3 problematical areas for Poles • Education • Public signs • Writing names in Polish national minority language.

  31. Why Poles can be named - privileged minority in Lithuania?

  32. Representatives • Polish media • Education system

  33. Writingnames in Polishlanguage

  34. KristofasOprovskis Krzysztof Oprowski

  35. Russians:difference in Lithuania and Latvia

  36. Visaginas

  37. Ethnic composition in Visaginas • Russians  15491 (55,68 %) • Lithuanians  4419 (15,88 %) • Belarusians   2863 (10,29 %) • Polish  2541 (9,13 %) • Ukrainians  1583 (5,69 %) • Tatars   263 (0,95 %) • Others (0,5 %)

  38. Latvia Full name: Republic of Latvia Population: 2.2 million (UN, 2010) Capital: Riga (713 000 habitants) Area: 64,589 sq km (24,938 sq miles) Major languages: Latvian, Russian Major religion: Christianity

  39. Ethnic composition Latvians 59.4% Russians 27.6% Belarussians 3.6% Ukrainians 2.5% Native language Latvian 58.2% Russian 37.5%

  40. "National Hymn" around the world http://www.tv3play.lt/play/250443/

  41. the past 10 years (legally) have the right of permanent residence in the Republic of Lithuania passed the language exam passed the Constitution exam legal source of income Double citizenship is forbidden (? Initiatives to legitimize) reached the age of 15 No less than 5 years legal source of income Latvian language , the history of Latvia , the basic principles of the Republic of Latvia Satversme (the Constitution) Double citizenship is forbidden (? Initiatives to legitimize) The granting of citizenship by naturalization

  42. Ways of acquiring Polish citizenship • The Blood right,

  43. The granting the Polish citizenship to a foreigner

  44. A foreigner may be granted Polish citizenship at his/her request, if he/she has been residing in Poland for at least five years on the basis of: • A permit of state • A long-term resident’s EC residence permit, or • A permanent residence permit.

  45. A foreigner who has been married for at least 3 years to a person holding Polish citizenship and who has been residing in Poland on the basis of: • A permit of state • A long-term resident’s EC residence permit, or • A permanent residence permit. May acciure Polish citizenship if he/she makes an appropriate declaration before the competent authority and this authority issues a decision on the acceptance of the declaration of will is: • 3 years and 6 months from the day of contracting marriage with a person holding Polish citizenship • or 6 months from the day of the acquisition by a foreigner of a permit of state, a long-term resident’s EC residence permit, or a permanent residence permit.

  46. Particularly justified cases • In particularly justified cases, a foreigner may be granted Polish citizenship at his/her reauest, even though he/she does not meet the mentioned requirements. In practice, this procedure is available in the case of famous sportsmen/women.

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