Team Chinese Bandit Ozone Payload Pre-Preliminarily Design Report (Pre-PDR )

1. Team Chinese BanditOzone Payload Pre-Preliminarily Design Report (Pre-PDR) Zach Baum Harry Gao Ryan Moon John Reeks Sean Walsh

2. Table of Contents • Document Purpose • Document Scope • Mission Goal • Science Objectives • Technical Objectives • Science Background • Science Requirements • Technical Background • Technical Requirements • Works Cited

3. Document Purpose • This presentation describes the preliminary design for the ozone measurement experiment.

4. Document Scope • This document specifies the scientific purpose and requirement for the Ozone experiment and outlines the general instrument and schedule that we will follow to achieve them. It fulfills part of the LAACES Project requirements for the Preliminary Design Review (PDR) to be held February 5, 2013.

5. Change Control and Update Procedures A change cannot be made to these finalized documents unless the following guidelines are met: • Changes can be made to controlled documents pending a consensus. • If a consensus cannot be achieved, the team will address a LaACES staff member for resolution. • A detailed log of changes to this controlled document must be kept. Each change must include the date that the change was made, as well as a reference to what was changed within the controlled document.

6. MISSION GOAL • Associate Ozone concentration with altitude and time of day in order to better understand the relationship between ozone and sunlight exposure. Ozone sensor reading for 2012 UND/UNF HASP payload

7. Science Objective • Create profile of ozone concentration as a function of altitude as well as time of day

8. Technical Objectives • Measure ozone concentration • The payload onboard program will be able to: • take temperature readings • compare temperature reading with the desired temperature • turn on on/off the heater depending on the current temperature

9. Science Background Ozone • Converts UV to heat • UV-B,C destroy ozone • UV-C absorbed by Oxygen UV radiation types A, B and C are absorbed by ozone in different amounts The ozone hole over Antarctica

10. Science Background Effects of CFC(chlorofluorocarbons) on the ozone Cl + O3 → ClO + O2 ClO + O3 → Cl + 2 O2 Illustration from: The Center for Atmospheric Science, University of Cambridge

11. Science Background UV and Ozone • Ozone bond energy is 6.04*10^-19 J/bond • O2 bond energy is 8.27*10^-19 J/bond • For O2: λ≤ 240 nm (UVC) • For ozone: 330 nm < λ < 240 nm (UVA,UVB,UVC)

12. Science Background Oxygen-Ozone Cycle • Creation (λ<240nm) • O2 +hv 2 O • O2 + O + M → O3 + M • Depletion (240nm< λ <270nm) • O3 + hv → O2 + O • O3 + O· → 2 O2 • 2 O· → O2

13. Technical Background Ozone Sensor Possibilities • Potassium Iodide Sensor • Indium Tin Oxide

14. Technical Background Potassium Iodide • O3(g) + 2KI(aq) + H2O --> I2(g) + 2KOH(aq) + O2(g) • Reaction Yields • I2 Violet vapor • 2KOH blue/clear solution • Temperature constraint -40 C to +50 C

15. Technical Background The Indium-Tin Oxide (ITO) Sensor • Developed by Dr. Patel of North Florida University • Used in recent Avengers LaACES project and HASP programs • Acts like a semiconductor. • (Vacancy) + (O3) → (Oo) + O2 • Must be kept in the operating temperature range of 25-30°C to remain accurate ITO sensors as used by Avengers team in2009-2010

16. Technical Background Temperature Sensor(Thermistor) • Used to detect temperature of BalloonSat and more specifically, the onboard ozone sensor • Resistor that varies significantly with temperature • Temperature can be approximated by the the following equation Beaded thermistor with insulation

17. Science Requirements • Measure ozone for duration of flight. • Measure ozone to within .2ppmv. • Take measurements of ozone every 40 seconds. Graph of Ozone Concentration from HASP 2012

18. Technical Requirements • The payload shall • not weigh more than 500g • not exceed 3oz/inch2on any surface • provide a temperature within operating range of sensors either KI: -40°C to +50 °C or ITO: 25°C to 30°C • be capable of staying intact from liftoff through landing • Sync clock with GPS

19. Staffing Plan

20. Timeline of Milestones and Major Task

21. Special Thanks To... Steven Summerville Ms. Colleen Fava The LaACES Staff

22. Reference Documents Slide 1: Picture <http://www.nc-climate.ncsu.edu/secc_edu/images/Ozone1.png> Slide 3: Picture <http://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large/ozone-molecule-11-russell-kightley.jpg> Slide 9: Info & right picture <http://www.epa.gov/sunwise/doc/uvradiation.html > Left picture: <http://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/science/ozone_hole.htm> Slide 10: Picture <http://www.atm.ch.cam.ac.uk/tour/tour_images/cartoon.gif> Slide 11: Picture <http://www.mmscrusaders.com/newscirocks/ozone/ozone.htm> Slide 14: I2 Sensor info <http://mil-ram.com/public/ta_2102_i2_page.html> Slide 15: Info & picture <http://laspace.lsu.edu/hasp/groups/2012/applications/Payload_07/UND_UNF_HASP_2012_Application.pdf> Slide 16: Info & picture <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermistor> Picture <http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CG6epZAQe_s/TpmuVqn57mI/AAAAAAAABHI/6PEEvCNTeug/s1600/Iodine%252C+Matias+Molnar.JPG>

23. Glossary • ITO Sensor- Ozone detector using Indium-Tin Oxide as it’s main component in ozone detection • KI Sensor- Ozone detector utilizing potassium Iodide as it’s main component in ozone detection • Ozone - a triatomic molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms • Ppm- parts per million • Ultraviolet radiation(UV)- electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than visible light but longer than X-Rays . This ranges from 10nm to 100nm • Ultraviolet A (UVA) -electromagnetic radiation from 315nm to 400nm • Ultraviolet B (UVB) - electromagnetic radiation from 280nm to 315nm • Ultraviolet C (UVC)- electromagnetic radiation from 100nm to 280nm