Chapter 13: The High Middle Ages Section III: Organized Kingdoms Develop

1. Chapter 13: The High Middle Ages Section III: Organized Kingdoms Develop By: Leonardo Decaprio World History Period 1

2. A. England • Main idea: Conflicts arose in England as a result of the growth of royal power.

3. A. England • Henry II, Common Law, and Conflicts with the Church • King Henry II of England, who ruled from 1154 to 1159, became one of the most powerful European monarchs. • His wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine, who had been married to Louis VII of France, was an enthusiastic supporter of both music and literature. • Henry II’s creation of jury systems, courts, and other legal reforms contributed to the growth of English common law.

4. A. England King John, the Magna Carta, and Parliament. • King John was the youngest son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. • In 1215, a group of English nobles forced John to sign a document guaranteeing them certain basic rights. • King John and the Pope later rejected the Magna Carta. However, the document inspired legal and political reforms.

5. B. France • Main Idea: The Capetian Dynasty in France succeeded in laying the foundations for a nation-state.

6. B. France • The Capetians • The election of Hugh Capet as king in 987 ended a long struggle among the descendants of Charlemagne. • Hugh Capet ruled for only nine years, but he was able to establish an important principle of succession. • Louis IX ruled from 1226 to 1270. he allowed the provinces of his kingdom to keep to keep their own customs, as long as they were loyal to the French monarchy.

7. B. France • The Hundred Years’ War • In 1337, England invaded Normandy in France, which caused the beginning of the Hundred Years’ War. • In 1429, a young peasant named Joan of Arc led the defeat of the English army in the French town of Orleans. • Charles VII was crowned the new king of France.

8. C. The Holy Roman Empire and Spain • Main idea: Alliances and Conflicts united and divided Europe, and Christians succeeded in regaining control of Spain from the Muslims.

9. C. The Holy Roman Empire and Spain • The Holy Roman Empire. • Charlemagne's empire continued in various forms for centuries after his death in 814. • Although the boundaries of the empire changed over the centuries, struggle for power continued. - Nationalism was slower to develop in Germany and the Holy Roman Empire than in other parts of Western Europe.

10. C. The Holy Roman Empire And Spain • Christians Reconquer Spain • the Muslims conquered much of Spain in the early 700’s • It took the Christians until 1492, however, to capture the Muslim’s stronghold of Granada. • In that same year, Ferdinand and Isabella expelled the Jewish people from Spain.

11. Monarchs • Monarch is another word for king. Monarch’s have complete authority over their people.

12. Charlemagne • Was king of the Franks, ruled from 768 to his death in January 28, 814.

13. Nationalism • The subject can include the belief that one's nation is of primary importance.