Authority Records in a Networked Environment

1. Authority Records in a Networked Environment

2. Network Scenarios • Contributing records to a cooperative national file • Deriving records from external sources • Merging records into a composite multinational/multilingual file

3. 1. Contributing to a cooperative file Cooperative File 1. Search 2. Identify 3. Integrate Library A Library B Library C

4. 2. Deriving from external files Source A Source B Source C 1. Search 2. Identify 3. Integrate Library File

5. 3. Merging into composite file Composite File 1. Search 2. Identify 3. Integrate Library A Library B Library C

6. Search  Identify  Integrate • Search • optimize recall • Identify • optimize precision • Integrate • compatibility with file standards • coherency of reference structures

7. Search : Optimize Recall(1) Search authorized and variant headings HEADINGS SEARCHED HEADINGS IN FILE  1 Debure, Guillaume Bure, Guillaume de 2 < Bure, Guillaume de

8. Search : Optimize Recall(2) Exclude additions to heading from search term HEADINGS SEARCHED HEADINGS IN FILE 1 Smith, Russell E. (Russell Eugene) Smith, Russell E.  2 < Smith, Russell Eugene

9. Search : Optimize Recall(3) Search on original script / transliterated forms HEADINGS SEARCHED HEADINGS IN FILE  1 Ts`ao, Hsüeh-ch`in Cao, Xuequin 2 Cao, Xuequin

10. Identify : Optimize Precision(1) Compare additions to headings HEADINGS SEARCHED HEADINGS RETRIEVED 1 Brown, George, Rev. Brown, George, Captain  2 Brown, George, Rev.

11. Identify : Optimize Precision(2) Compare supplementary data in notes, etc. HEADINGS SEARCHED HEADINGS RETRIEVED 1 Du Jardin, Thomas Du Jardin, Thomas Nationality: French Nationality: Belgian  2 Du Jardin, Thomas Nationality: French

12. Identify : Optimize Precision(3) Compare reference structures HEADINGS SEARCHED HEADINGS RETRIEVED 1 1 Stewart, J.I.M. Stewart, J.I.M. 2 << Innes, Michael < Innes, Michael  2 Innes, Michael <<Stewart, J.I.M.

13. Integrate : Compatibility(1) Conformity with rules, etc. HEADINGS SEARCHED HEADINGS RETRIEVED 1 Charles IV, Roi de France Charles IV, King of France Rules: AFNOR Rules: AACR  2 Charles IV, Roi de France Rules: RCAA

14. Integrate : Compatibility(2) Established order of preference among sources HEADINGS SEARCHED HEADINGS RETRIEVED 1 Beeton, Mrs. Beeton, Mrs. Nationality: British Nationality: British Source: British Library Source: British Library 2 Beeton, Mrs. (Isabella Mary) Nationality: British Source: Library of Congress 

15. Integrate : Coherency(1) Elimination of conflicts in reference structures HEADINGS SEARCHED HEADINGS RETRIEVED 1 1 Stewart, J.I.M. Stewart, J.I.M. 2 << Innes, Michael < Innes, Michael  EDITED RECORDS 2 Innes, Michael 1 Stewart, J.I.M. <<Stewart, J.I.M. << Innes, Michael 2 Innes, Michael <<Stewart, J.I.M.

16. Facilitating international sharing • IFLA Working Group on an International Authority System • Guidelines for Authority and Reference Entries • Guidelines for Authority Records and References • UNIMARC Authorities • International Cooperation in the Field of Authority Data • Minimal Level Record for Internationally Shared Resource Authority Records • Working Group on Functional Requirements and Numbering of Authority Records (FRANAR)

17. Objectives • Specify data requirements • Define data structures • Develop an international numbering scheme

18. Issues • Understanding the function of the data • data supporting identification • data embodied in the heading (e.g., name, dates) • data recorded in cataloguer’s notes (e.g., field of activity) • data recorded in coded form (e.g., nationality, gender) • data supporting integration • data identifying the source and status of the record • data identifying the language of the record or data element • data identifying scripts, transliteration schemes, character sets, etc.

19. Issues • Clarifying data definitions • differentiating categories of data elements • e.g., distinguishing between “name” and “addition” Leighton, Frederick Leighton, Baron Beeton, Mrs. • clarifying underlying concepts • e.g., nationality (place of birth? citizenship? place of residence?) Du Jardin, Thomas [birthplace: France; residence: France] Du Jardin, Thomas [birthplace: France; residence: Belgium]

20. Issues • Potential for automatic editing • complexities in language of cataloguing AFNOR: Charles IV, Roi de France [‡8frefre] AACR: Charles IV, King of France [‡8engfre] AFNOR: Abrantès, Laure Junot, duchesse d’ [‡8frefre] AACR: Abrantès, Laure Junot, duchesse d’ [‡8engfre] AFNOR: Valmer, capitaine [‡8frefre] AACR: Valmer, capitaine [‡8engfre]

21. 1 Stewart, J.I.M. << Innes, Michael 2 Innes, Michael <<Stewart, J.I.M. 3 Stewart, J.I.M. < Innes, Michael Issues • Accommodating differences in cataloguing rules and practice • recognition of discrete entities (e.g., author who uses one or more pseudonyms)

22. Issues • Administration of an international numbering scheme • responsibility for assigning an ISAN • jurisdictional responsibility • first-in • procedures for ensuring validity of assignment • international register • national/regional registers • linking authority and bibliographic files • adding ISANs to heading fields in bibliographic records