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CS2211. Introduction To Computers. Course Objective. Become familiar with the basic concepts of Information Technology Computer and networks. Identify the components of Computer.
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CS2211 Introduction To Computers
Course Objective • Become familiar with the basic concepts of Information Technology Computer and networks. • Identify the components of Computer. • Identify computer networks, types, its components, its benefits, disadvantages and to differentiate between different types. • Identify computer viruses their importance, how they work, types and methods of prevention. • Develop the skills to use the computer. • Practical application on the use of common operating system Windows. • Practical application of the use of office applications (MS Word, MS Excel, MS PowerPoint, MS Access ( • Practical application on the use of the internet browser (Internet Explorer) and some important Internet applications.
How do I get high scores in this Course? • In the Lecture know the important things in the lecture. Ask if you do not understand. • After Lecture Read lecture, apply practical part. Reference: Book & CS2211 Blog: www.cs2211.wordpress.com
References The Computer and The Software Packages, Dr. Bilal Al Zoa’aby and others, 2011, V.9 الحاسوب والبرمجيات الجاهزة ، د. محمد بلال الزعبي و آخرون ، الطبعة التاسعه ، دار وائل للنشر ،2011.
Lecture: 1 • Chapter1: Introduction To Computers Course: Introduction To Computers
Outline • What is Computer? • Computer Components • What is IT? • Computer Types • Parts of a Computer
What is Computer? • It is an electronic machine made of separate component that are connected together and controlled by commands. • Computers perform three main operations: • Receive input (Data). • Process data to information. • Produce output (Information).
What is Computer? Input Process Output Save
Computer Components • Hardware: Physical components ex.(Screen, keyboard, ..etc). • Software: Set of instructions that tells the computer what to do and how ex.(word, games, ..etc). 3. User: A person who uses the software on the computer.
Information Technology (IT) • A set of tools that are used to: receive, process, store, print and transmit information in an electronic form through computers. • Forms can be: text, sound, picture or video.
1) Super Computers: • High capacity, extremely fast. • Cost millions of dollars. • Used for research, weather forecasting, aircraft design ..etc.
2) Mainframes: • High speed, powerful, large storage, Room size. • Service hundred of users. • Used in banks, government departments, large organizations. • Connected to a large number of terminal that can be: • Dumb terminal: can not operate on their own. • Intelligent terminal: have processing power (receive, process, produce).
3) Mini Computers: • Do the same job as a mainframe but in a smaller scale. • Size of a File cabinet. • Used in medium-sized companies ex. (universities) 4) PersonalComputer (PC): • Small, can set on a desk, not expensive, popular. • PC’s are manufactured under different names: IBM, Macintosh.
5) Laptops: • Briefcase-sized. • Portable. • Powerful as PC but More expensive. 6) Palmtop: • Hand-held, called (notepad). • Small screen and keyboard. • Cheap. • Ex. PDA
7) Network Computers: • Server: • Large PC-type. • Connected to smaller PCs called (clients)
1) System Case or CPU Box: • This unit contains the main parts inside it. • Tow types: Tower, Desktop.
2) Input Devices: • The devices that allows people to put data into the computer. • Ex. Keyboard, mouse. • 3) Output Devices: • The devices that translate the information processed by the computer in a form that human can understand. • Ex. Monitor
4) Peripherals • Any pieces of hardware that is connected to a computer to improve its performance. • Ex. Scanner, Printer, Modem
System Case (CPU Box) Motherboard: • The main circuit board in the system unit, carries the (CPU, memory,..etc). Power supply: • Provides the electricity that the computer need.
System Case (CPU Box) Memory: • Can be directly connected to the motherboard or on a sockets on the motherboard. Disk Driver: • Device that can read/writes from/on the hard disk or floppy disk. Devices Controller: • Circuit boards that allow your CPU work with different kinds of peripheral devices.
System Case (CPU Box) Ports: • Sockets outside the system unit. • Connects different devices with your PC. • Types: • Serial Port: moves one bit at a time • Parallel Port: moves a group of bits at once. • SCSI Port : transferring data at high speed for up to 15 devices. • USB Port: transferring data at high speed for up to 127 devices. • Plugs that connect the keyboard and mouse.
System Case (CPU Box) Expansion Slots: • Sockets on the motherboard into which you can plug expansion boards. • The objective from it is possibility add some terminals then produce the PC power. • Ex. Graphical Adapter, Sound Card
System Case (CPU Box) System Clock: • Basic part of a computer, connected directly with the CPU. • Controls the TIME performing all the operations within a computer. • Uses a fixed vibration from a quartz crystal to deliver a steady stream of digital pulses to the CPU. • Help speed system clock in determining the speed of implementation of computer instructions. • Speed measured by number of beats per second ( frequency unit called Hertz). • Therefore CPU processing speeds are expresses in megahertz (Megahertz). LED Display: • A small light source that is used to indicate that the PC is switch on/off.
