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Types of Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions. September 28 2011. Chemical Equations. Reactants  Products We can describe chemical reactions with word equations e.g. iron + oxygen  iron oxide (rust) We can describe chemical reactions with chemical equations

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Types of Chemical Reactions

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  1. Types of Chemical Reactions September 28 2011

  2. Chemical Equations Reactants  Products We can describe chemical reactions with word equations e.g. iron + oxygen  iron oxide (rust) We can describe chemical reactions with chemical equations e.g. Fe + O2 Fe2O3

  3. Chemical Equations • We can add extra information to the equation special symbols

  4. Catalyst A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of reaction but is not used up in the reaction. e.g. H2O2(l) H2O (l) + O2(g) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xkv1v7pee7E&feature=related

  5. Classifying Reactions Classifying Reactions Five main types of reactions: • Synthesis or Combination • Decomposition • Combustion • Single-Replacement • Double-Replacement Some reactions fit in more than one category; scientists classify reactions to predict patterns of behavior

  6. Synthesis Reactions • Two or more substances combine to form a new compound e.g. K(s) + Cl2(g) KCl (s) Be (s) + O2(g) BeO (s) Cu(s) + S(s)  CuS (s) Cu(s) + S(s)  Cu2S (s) Copper (II) Sulfide CuS Copper (I) Sulfide Cu2S

  7. Decomposition Reactions • A single compound is broken down into two or more products e.g. H2O (l) H2 (g) + O2 (g) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OTEX38bQ-2w

  8. Combustion Reactions • An element or a compound reacts with oxygen • Often produces energy in the form of heat or light e.g. CH4(g) + O2(g)  CO2 (g) + H2O(g) + energy Mg(s) + O2(g) MgO (s) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmrCdjVTb0I&feature=player_embedded http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXcug7RqPgs

  9. Single-Replacement Reactions • One element replaces a second element in a compound e.g. K(s) + H2O(l)  KOH (aq) + H2(g) Mg(s) + Zn(NO3)2 (aq) Mg(NO3)2(aq) + Zn(s) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFG4Yr7lQzw

  10. Double Replacement Reactions • An exchange on positive ions between reacting compounds e.g. Na2S(aq) + Cd(NO3)2 (aq) CdS(s) + NaNO3 (aq) K2CO3 (aq) + BaCl2 (aq)  KCl(aq) + Ba(CO3)2 (s)

  11. Identify each type of reaction Double replacement Single Replacement Combustion Decomposition Synthesis Double Replacement Decomposition Double Replacement Pb(NO3)2 +K2CrO4 PbCrO4 + KNO3 Cl2 + KI KCl + I2 C3H6 + O2 CO2 + H2O Al(OH) 3 Al2O3 + H2O Li + O2 Li2O HCl + Fe2O3 FeCl3 + H2O MgCO3MgO + CO2 Ca(CN) 2 + H2SO4CaSO4+ HCN

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