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Chapter 5 The Classical Period: Directions, Diversities, and Declines by 500 C.E. . Chapter Objective: Define history and the concepts of cause and effect, time, change and continuity and perspective across the global historical periods covered in this course.
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Chapter 5 The Classical Period: Directions, Diversities, and Declines by 500 C.E. Chapter Objective: Define history and the concepts of cause and effect, time, change and continuity and perspective across the global historical periods covered in this course
Cultural Diffusion or Independent invention • A major theme of AP World is cultural diffusion vs. independent invention • It can be argued many of the most important aspects of civilization may have been exported from the core civilizations rather then reinvented at different times • Think of this in terms of how each culture developed in relation to religion government and family • Also how their culture traits compare to those of the classical civilizations
Crisis of Late Antiquity • Chapter 5 deals with the collapse of empires and civilizations in the classical world and the emergence of new cultures • Be especially alerted to the influences of religion ( Buddhism, Christianity and Hinduism) on these new empires
Basic Themes • Basic theme of the 3 great civilizations of China, India and the Mediterranean involved expansion and integration • Throughout the classical world, these themes faltered between 200 and 500 CE • This lose of strength signaled the end of that era • The response of major religions to political decline formed a leading direction in the next phase of world history • Meanwhile, developments outside of the classical world gained new importance
Evaluate the effect on societies of the fall of the classical civilizations • Several institutions were affected when gov. collapsed Religion, the family, education, trade and the transference of technology • The most devastating effect was on western Europe after the demise of Rome • China’s society was the least affected • India’s experience was in between Rome and China
Compare the rise of civilizations in the Americas and Polynesia • Rise of agriculture was significant in the Americas but less so in Polynesia • Governments were headed by kings in both areas • A lack of large domesticated animals was a mutual experience • Writing systems were nonexistent in both places • Polytheism was the common choice of religion • Both systems developed civilizations later than China, India, or the Middle East