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Translation & Protein Synthesis

Translation & Protein Synthesis. DNA mRNA Protein. Transcription. Translation. Transcription = Copying DNA into mRNA. Occurs in the nucleus. Only 1 side of DNA (template DNA) is copied. Complementary bases of GCAU are used. RNA Polymerase – enzyme that builds mRNA.

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Translation & Protein Synthesis

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  1. Translation & Protein Synthesis DNAmRNAProtein Transcription Translation

  2. Transcription = Copying DNA into mRNA. • Occurs in the nucleus. • Only 1 side of DNA (template DNA) is copied. • Complementary bases of GCAU are used. • RNA Polymerase – enzyme that builds mRNA.

  3. Translation = using “code” on mRNA to build a protein. • Ribosomes = site of protein synthesis. - Made of rRNA • mRNA travels from nucleus to the ribosome, where it is “read” by tRNA.

  4. The Universal Genetic Code • Codon = every 3 bases on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid. • Start Codon = AUG = Methionine • Stop Codons = (UAA, UAG, UGA) The Genetic Code is the same for all organisms!!!

  5. tRNA – “reads” the codons • Anticodon = 3 bases on tRNA that are complementary to the codon on mRNA. • tRNA delivers the correct amino acid to the ribosome/protein.

  6. Protein Assembly

  7. Transcription vs. Translation • Transcription = DNA into mRNA (occurs in nucleus) • Translation = mRNA into Protein (occurs at ribosome)

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