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Articulations. Chapter 8. Structural Classification of Joints. Fibrous no joint cavity, bones held together with collagen fibers Cartilagnous no joint cavity, bones held together with cartilage Synovial have a “synovial” cavity, bones held together with an enclosed capsule & ligaments.
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Articulations Chapter 8
Structural Classification of Joints • Fibrous • no joint cavity, bones held together with collagen fibers • Cartilagnous • no joint cavity, bones held together with cartilage • Synovial • have a “synovial” cavity, bones held together with an enclosed capsule & ligaments
Functional Classification of Joints • Synarthroses (singular = synarthrosis) • Immovable joints • Amphiarthroses (singular = amphiarthrosis) • Slightly movable joints • Diarthroses (singular = diarthrosis) • Freely movable joints
Flexion Flexion decreases the angle of a joint
Extension Extension increases the angle of a joint
Hingejoints These are uniaxial. Examples include the elbow, knee and phalanges.
Pivot Pivot joints are uniaxial. The proximal radioulnar joint is the best example.
Condyloid joints Condyloid joints are often biaxial.
Saddle joints Saddle joints are biaxial.
Ball and Socket Multiaxial ball & socket joints allow the greatest range of motion.
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