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ARTICULATIONS - DEFINITION

ARTICULATIONS - STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION. Bony fusionsynostosisFibrous jointno joint cavityCartilaginous jointno joint cavitySynovial jointsynovial cavity. ARTICULATIONS - FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION. Synarthrosisimmovable jointAmphiarthrosisslightly moveableDiarthrosisfreely moveable. FIBROUS JOINT.

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ARTICULATIONS - DEFINITION

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    1. ARTICULATIONS - DEFINITION any point of joining between: bones bones and cartilage bone and teeth cartilages strength versus movement

    2. ARTICULATIONS - STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION Bony fusion synostosis Fibrous joint no joint cavity Cartilaginous joint no joint cavity Synovial joint synovial cavity

    3. ARTICULATIONS - FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION Synarthrosis immovable joint Amphiarthrosis slightly moveable Diarthrosis freely moveable

    4. FIBROUS JOINT 1. Suture bones of skull thin layer of dense connective tissue early

    5. FIBROUS JOINT 2. Gomphoses periodontal ligament articulation of tooth in its bony socket

    6. FIBROUS JOINT 3. Syndesmoses greater amount of connective tissue than a suture fibers called __________ examples: distal articulation between tibia and fibula articulation between shafts of ulna and radius

    7. CARTILAGINOUS JOINT 1. Synchondrosis held by _________ cartilage examples: epiphyseal plate costal cartilage between ribs and sternum

    8. CARTILAGINOUS JOINT 2. Symphysis held by _______________ examples: symphysis pubis intervertebral discs menisci

    9. SYNOVIAL JOINT Components articular cartilage ___________ cartilage contains thin collagenous fibers - weeping lubrication articular capsule a. fibrous connective tissue connects to the _______________

    10. SYNOVIAL JOINT b. synovial membrane _________ connective tissue produces synovial fliud __________ acid and _________ provides lubrication and nourishment shock absorber knee - 3 to 4 ml

    11. SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES NOT PART OF SYNOVIAL JOINT 1. Bursae small sacs filled with synovial fluid found between bone and skin, between tendons and bone, muscles and bone, ligaments and bone bursitis inflammation of bursa

    12. SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES NOT PART OF SYNOVIAL JOINT 2. Tendon sheath where tendons cross joints cylindrical double synovial sac tendinitis - inflammation of tendon sheath

    13. ACCESSORY STRUCTURES KNEE JOINT Extracapsular ligaments popliteal -- prevents hyperextension collateral -- medial and lateral prevents knee from rotating when joint is extended Intracapsular ligaments anterior and posterior cruciates stabilized knee when rotating Intracapsular Cartilage fibrocartilage -- medial and lateral menisci

    14. MOVEMENTS OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS Flexion, Extension, and Hyperextension Abduction and Adduction Elevation and Depression Protraction and Retraction

    15. MOVEMENTS OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS 5. Lateral and Medial Excursion biting and chewing 6. Circumduction 7. Rotation 8. Supination and pronation

    16. MOVEMENTS OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS 9. Opposition and Reposition 10. Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion -- raise toes Plantar flexion -- standing on toes 11. Inversion and Eversion

    17. TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS 1. Nonaxial or gliding between flat surfaces examples articular surfaces of vertebra between intercarpals and intertarsals sternoclavicular joint

    18. TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS 2. Pivot -- only rotation 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae proximal articulation between radius and ulna

    19. TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS 3. Hinge only flexion and extension elbow, toes, knee joints between phalanges of fingers and toes

    20. TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS 4. Condyloid or ellipsoid one surface is concave and one surface is convex examples radius and carpals occipital condyles and atlas metacarpophalangeal joints metatarpophalangeal joints

    21. TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS 5. Saddle each surface is convex and concave thumb -- carpometacarpal joint

    22. TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS 6. Ball and socket joints all movements examples shoulder hip

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