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Overview. What is the National GuardNational Guard Mission NG Domestic CapabilitiesGIS in the National GuardNational Guard Operations GISCurrent
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1. The National Guard…Military Support to Civilian Authorities MAJ Charles Cobb
Geospatial Information Support &
Integration Branch Chief
Mr. Robert Barber-Delach
Domestic Operations GIS Program Manager
3. Who We Are: The National Guard Made up of the State Militias within:
50 US States
District of Columbia
Guam
Puerto Rico
US Virgin Islands
and the National Guard Bureau
In the States/Territories, the National Guard is typically referred to as the State Military Dept. or Dept. of Military Affairs
4. The First Muster The National Guard traces is beginnings back to December 13, 1636. When the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed legislation forming a militia.
On this date, the legislature of the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed a law organizing 3 regiments – the North, South and East regiments – out of the militia companies already existing in the towns surrounding Boston. The National Guard traces is beginnings back to December 13, 1636. When the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed legislation forming a militia.
On this date, the legislature of the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed a law organizing 3 regiments – the North, South and East regiments – out of the militia companies already existing in the towns surrounding Boston.
5. Before We Were A Nation … The militia played a key role in victories in the French and Indian War and the War for Independence. The militia played a key role in victories in the French and Indian War and the War for Independence.
6. National Guard Bureau We are Joint
What is Joint? Connotes activities, operations, organizations, etc., in which elements of two or more Military Departments participate.
There is a debate over whether NGB is joint or not – we are not a “Joint activity” but have discussed becoming one.
Who is part of NGB ? ARNG Staff, ANG Staff, and Joint Staff – all 3 buildings in their entirety – are part of a SINGLE
organization.What is Joint? Connotes activities, operations, organizations, etc., in which elements of two or more Military Departments participate.
There is a debate over whether NGB is joint or not – we are not a “Joint activity” but have discussed becoming one.
Who is part of NGB ? ARNG Staff, ANG Staff, and Joint Staff – all 3 buildings in their entirety – are part of a SINGLE
organization.
7. Constitutionally Unique Chief NGB reports to Secretaries of Army and Air Force
“For NGB, C2 is Communication & Coordination” (not Command & Control)
This is the chain of command and communications spelled out in the law.
The separation between the Guard and the Active Army and AF is both a statutory and a Constitutional separation – NGB is the only organization to bridge that separation.
As the law says, CNGB answers to 4 people. Note: channel of commo is to AGs, not direct to units. Follow chain of command.Chief NGB reports to Secretaries of Army and Air Force
“For NGB, C2 is Communication & Coordination” (not Command & Control)
This is the chain of command and communications spelled out in the law.
The separation between the Guard and the Active Army and AF is both a statutory and a Constitutional separation – NGB is the only organization to bridge that separation.
As the law says, CNGB answers to 4 people. Note: channel of commo is to AGs, not direct to units. Follow chain of command.
8. National Guard Missions National Defense - Defend the U.S. and its Interests
Coordinated by ARNG/ANG
U.S. Constitution Article 1 Sect. 8 Cl 15,16 To provide for calling the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions; to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia…
The Guard as the first-line reserve of the Army and Air Force
Domestic Operations
Coordinated by NGB, Joint Operations Center From the signing of the Constitution to this day, the Guard’s role has been increasing, at a more rapid pace in the last 100 years, and at a yet faster pace in the last 5. From the signing of the Constitution to this day, the Guard’s role has been increasing, at a more rapid pace in the last 100 years, and at a yet faster pace in the last 5.
9. Guard Response Status 95% of Guard Funding is Federal
“…of the US” when in title 10 status, “in the service of the US” when in title 32 status
Note that during 9/11 and last year’s hurricane season, Guard soldiers and airmen did not serve in title 10 capacity.
SAD:
all state control and funds
the organized militia of the states
accountability and control by Governor
No Posse Comitatus restrictions - State laws apply
State pay and benefits
99% of domestic emergencies handled this way
If declared a federal disaster, may be reimbursed under Stafford Act
T10:
all federal control and funds
The purpose of the reserve component is to provide trained units and qualified persons available for active duty in the armed forces, in time of war or national emergency, and at such other times as the national security may require (10 USC 1003, Sec. 10102)
Used when Guard individuals or units serve overseas, whether for combat, operational missions or training
Severs link to states
Ensures uniformity of pay & benefits, UCMJ, and conformity to international Status of Forces Agreements
Rarely invoked for domestic purposes
When used in domestic emergencies, Title 10 provides direct control by the President without interference by state or local authorities, Posse Comitatus applies – unless President invokes Insurrection Act, or otherwise authorizes federal military forces to enforce civil law.
Title 32:
a HYBRID status between all state and all federal - used to be strictly a training status, but use for other missions has grown. Counterdrug (1989), CSTs (1997); Airport Security (2001); Katrina relief (2005)
T32 is the status Guardsmen are in when they conduct drill or AT in the U.S. (AT overseas is in T10 status)
What are advantages? (Slide spells many of them out – what is key advantage?)
Disadvantages – separate from federal chain; slower for state to employ than SAD
Title 32 provides the flexibility to the Nation to engage the Guard across the full range of national response missions
No Posse Comitatus restrictions
Support to Law Enforcement
Accountability and control to the Governor
Federal funding and benefits
95% of Guard Funding is Federal
“…of the US” when in title 10 status, “in the service of the US” when in title 32 status
Note that during 9/11 and last year’s hurricane season, Guard soldiers and airmen did not serve in title 10 capacity.
SAD:
all state control and funds
the organized militia of the states
accountability and control by Governor
No Posse Comitatus restrictions - State laws apply
State pay and benefits
99% of domestic emergencies handled this way
If declared a federal disaster, may be reimbursed under Stafford Act
T10:
all federal control and funds
The purpose of the reserve component is to provide trained units and qualified persons available for active duty in the armed forces, in time of war or national emergency, and at such other times as the national security may require (10 USC 1003, Sec. 10102)
Used when Guard individuals or units serve overseas, whether for combat, operational missions or training
Severs link to states
Ensures uniformity of pay & benefits, UCMJ, and conformity to international Status of Forces Agreements
Rarely invoked for domestic purposes
When used in domestic emergencies, Title 10 provides direct control by the President without interference by state or local authorities, Posse Comitatus applies – unless President invokes Insurrection Act, or otherwise authorizes federal military forces to enforce civil law.
Title 32:
a HYBRID status between all state and all federal - used to be strictly a training status, but use for other missions has grown. Counterdrug (1989), CSTs (1997); Airport Security (2001); Katrina relief (2005)
T32 is the status Guardsmen are in when they conduct drill or AT in the U.S. (AT overseas is in T10 status)
What are advantages? (Slide spells many of them out – what is key advantage?)
Disadvantages – separate from federal chain; slower for state to employ than SAD
Title 32 provides the flexibility to the Nation to engage the Guard across the full range of national response missions
No Posse Comitatus restrictions
Support to Law Enforcement
Accountability and control to the Governor
Federal funding and benefits
10. NG Effectiveness
11. Basic take home here is the Guard is everywhere. Basic take home here is the Guard is everywhere.
12. NG Domestic Capabilities Joint Force Headquarters (JFHQ)
Joint Task Force State
State Joint Operations Centers (JOC)
WMD Civil Support Teams (CST)
CBRN Enhanced Response Force (CERFP)
National Guard Reaction Force (NGRF)
Aviation (fixed wing and rotor)
Engineer (Search & Rescue)
Medical
Communications
Security
Maintenance
Transportation
Logistics
Critical Infrastructure Protection – Mission Assurance Assessments (CIP - MAA) CERFP Composition:
Engineer Company, Chemical Company, Medical Group, HQ
Conducts: Decontamination, search and extraction, & emergency medical treatment
NGRF provide every state with a combat force capable of delivering a company-sized unit in 4 hours and the remainder of a battalion within 24 hours.
By design, a NGRF can respond to an incident well ahead of other DoD assets.
CIP-MAA in the Guard is supported by the staff at Dalgren. The guard is currently standing up CIP-MAA teams to conduct critical infrastructure vulnerability assessments. CERFP Composition:
Engineer Company, Chemical Company, Medical Group, HQ
Conducts: Decontamination, search and extraction, & emergency medical treatment
NGRF provide every state with a combat force capable of delivering a company-sized unit in 4 hours and the remainder of a battalion within 24 hours.
By design, a NGRF can respond to an incident well ahead of other DoD assets.
CIP-MAA in the Guard is supported by the staff at Dalgren. The guard is currently standing up CIP-MAA teams to conduct critical infrastructure vulnerability assessments.
13. Mission Types Key Asset Protection
Border Security
WMD (CBRN)
Wildfire Fighting
Hurricanes
Snow Storms
Floods
Other Natural and Man-made Disasters
National Special Security Events (NSSE) On a daily basis, the National Guard is responding to these types of events.
This is not a complete list…On a daily basis, the National Guard is responding to these types of events.
This is not a complete list…
14. State Adjutant General Roles Part of what makes the Guard the ideal institution for this kind of intergovernmental interface is that roughly half our TAGs already serve as state directors of Emergency Management or state directors of Homeland Security, thus creating a natural interface between DoD and DHS at the state level.Part of what makes the Guard the ideal institution for this kind of intergovernmental interface is that roughly half our TAGs already serve as state directors of Emergency Management or state directors of Homeland Security, thus creating a natural interface between DoD and DHS at the state level.
15. Governor’s Emergency Powers Governor May Declare State of Emergency for all or part of State
Suspend State Laws
Order evacuations
Eminent Domain
Control Access to Disaster Area
State to State requests for Assistance (EMAC)
Activate the National Guard in State Status
Request Federal Assistance
Governor is in Command Federal assistance may be granted if the severity and magnitude of the disaster is beyond the capabilities of the State and affected local governments.
Note that the governor is in charge except in rare cases where the President takes over control… the most recent example is the Rodney King riots in LA in 1992. We went through 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina with the governors of the respective States in charge. Federal assistance may be granted if the severity and magnitude of the disaster is beyond the capabilities of the State and affected local governments.
Note that the governor is in charge except in rare cases where the President takes over control… the most recent example is the Rodney King riots in LA in 1992. We went through 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina with the governors of the respective States in charge.
16. NG Joint Operation Centers NGB Joint Operations Center (JOC)
24/7/365 Operation – Routine staffing
Federal Disasters – Enhanced Manning
The JOC is the one stop shop for information sharing for all external agencies.The JOC is the one stop shop for information sharing for all external agencies.
17. State JOC & EOCs
18. JOC is Channel of Communications
19. National Guard GIS
20. GIS Use in States >75 Fulltime GIS Staff
>100 Desktop GIS Users
Environmental Compliance
Land Management
Training/Range Mgmt
Range Safety
Facilities Management
Force Protection
Recruiting
Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) response
Operations/Homeland Security The areas noted here have no connection to GIS use in direct support of overseas warfighting. Those capabilities are directed and managed by the U.S Army Corps of Engineers.
There are at least 75 fulltime GIS staff working in the States, mostly for Environmental, some for Facilities, a few in Range Offices, and 1 in operations.The areas noted here have no connection to GIS use in direct support of overseas warfighting. Those capabilities are directed and managed by the U.S Army Corps of Engineers.
There are at least 75 fulltime GIS staff working in the States, mostly for Environmental, some for Facilities, a few in Range Offices, and 1 in operations.
21. GIS Systems/Data States Systems Capabilities
Varies widely from State-to-State
All States/Territories have desktop GIS
< ˝ have ArcSDE, ArcIMS, or ArcGIS Server
Geospatial Data
Most data for NG owned/leased facilities
Little data for areas “outside the fence”
22. NGB GIS Support to States GIS Support Programs
Environmental Division
Installations Division
Training Division
Aviation & Safety Division
Strength Maintenance Division (recruiters)
Air Guard Construction Engineering
Domestic Operations Directorate (in process)
Provide Staffing, GIS software, Training, and centralized data acquisition
23. NGB GIS Programs Army Guard – 7 GIS staff across 5 Divisions
Air Guard – GIO and 4 GIS staff
Joint Domestic Operations Directorate
Branch Chief (functional GIO)
GIS Program Manager
Joint Operations Center GIS Analyst(s)
Counter Drug – GIS Mapping and Analysis Support to State/Local Law Enforcement
Joint Intelligence Directorate
24. Operations GIS
25. Requirements for Operations GIS Common Operating Picture (COP)/Situational Awareness
Location of the incident
Proximity
Critical infrastructure
Response resources/personnel
Hazard Modeling
Threat Assessment/Response Planning
Post-event Damage Assessment
Briefing and Status Information (geospatially enabled business processes)
26. NG Joint Operations Centers 54 NG Joint Operations Centers
Few have in-house GIS capabilities
Most rely on other NG GIS staff for geospatial information support in times of crisis
NGB standing up a Joint information exchange system
To include Geospatial data sharing between State JOCs and NGB JOC
Mapping of NG Operations data for basic users up to support for Desktop GIS users
Exploring WebEOC and E-Team integration
Web Map Services-based information sharing with other Federal Agencies
27. Common Operating Picture (COP)Situational Awareness
28. NG Current Operations Map
30. Aerial Sensors
31. Hazard Modeling National Guard Modeling Capabilities
WMD Civil Support Team (CST) Modelers
Modeling Software
ArcGIS Desktop
CATS (Consequence Assessment Tool Set)
HPAC
IMAAC
CAMEO/ALOHA/MARPLOT
VAPO
HAZUS
32. Threat Assessment/Planning
33. Post-Event Damage Assessment
34. GIS Emergency Support
35. WMD/Civil Support Teams What do the CSTs do?What do the CSTs do?
36. CST Locations Where are the CSTs? They are in 54 States and Territories, plus an extra in CA. Where are the CSTs? They are in 54 States and Territories, plus an extra in CA.
37. GIS Emergency Support Staff? Few NG States have qualified GIS staff to support operations
GIS support staff can be deployed from NGB to State JOC
In the event of a disaster, other GIS staff will support operations
Coordination across State agencies is critical prior to an emergency
How to make contact?
38. Questions? MAJ Charles Cobb
Geospatial Information Support & Integration Branch Chief
Tel: 703-607-1855
Email: Charles.C.Cobb@ng.army.mil
Rob Barber-Delach
Domestic Operations GIS Program Manager
Tel: 703-607-3268
Email: Robert.Barber-Delach@ngb.army.mil
39. Backup Slides
40. NGB Charter Facilitating and coordinating with the Departments of the Army and the Air Force the use of National Guard personnel and resources for contingency operations, Military Operations Other Than War, natural disasters, Military Support to Civil Authorities, and special events.
NGB is responsible for monitoring and assisting the National Guard in the 54 States, Territories, and District of Columbia This is item 12 of 16 in the NGB Charter, and the one that applies most closely to the subject at hand.
Note that references to the States throughout this briefing are referring to:
54 States, Territories, and District of Columbia
Does not refer to the entire State government, military departments only. This is item 12 of 16 in the NGB Charter, and the one that applies most closely to the subject at hand.
Note that references to the States throughout this briefing are referring to:
54 States, Territories, and District of Columbia
Does not refer to the entire State government, military departments only.
41. Personnel Statusbackup slide
43. Status and Briefing Maps Goal: Maximize Automation of Status Map Briefing slides