the national guard military support to civilian authorities

1. The National Guard�Military Support to Civilian Authorities MAJ Charles Cobb Geospatial Information Support & Integration Branch Chief Mr. Robert Barber-Delach Domestic Operations GIS Program Manager

3. Who We Are: The National Guard Made up of the State Militias within: 50 US States District of Columbia Guam Puerto Rico US Virgin Islands and the National Guard Bureau In the States/Territories, the National Guard is typically referred to as the State Military Dept. or Dept. of Military Affairs

4. The First Muster The National Guard traces is beginnings back to December 13, 1636. When the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed legislation forming a militia. On this date, the legislature of the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed a law organizing 3 regiments � the North, South and East regiments � out of the militia companies already existing in the towns surrounding Boston. The National Guard traces is beginnings back to December 13, 1636. When the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed legislation forming a militia. On this date, the legislature of the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed a law organizing 3 regiments � the North, South and East regiments � out of the militia companies already existing in the towns surrounding Boston.

5. Before We Were A Nation � The militia played a key role in victories in the French and Indian War and the War for Independence. The militia played a key role in victories in the French and Indian War and the War for Independence.

6. National Guard Bureau We are Joint What is Joint? Connotes activities, operations, organizations, etc., in which elements of two or more Military Departments participate.  There is a debate over whether NGB is joint or not � we are not a �Joint activity� but have discussed becoming one. Who is part of NGB ? ARNG Staff, ANG Staff, and Joint Staff � all 3 buildings in their entirety � are part of a SINGLE organization.What is Joint? Connotes activities, operations, organizations, etc., in which elements of two or more Military Departments participate. There is a debate over whether NGB is joint or not � we are not a �Joint activity� but have discussed becoming one. Who is part of NGB ? ARNG Staff, ANG Staff, and Joint Staff � all 3 buildings in their entirety � are part of a SINGLE organization.

7. Constitutionally Unique Chief NGB reports to Secretaries of Army and Air Force �For NGB, C2 is Communication & Coordination� (not Command & Control) This is the chain of command and communications spelled out in the law. The separation between the Guard and the Active Army and AF is both a statutory and a Constitutional separation � NGB is the only organization to bridge that separation. As the law says, CNGB answers to 4 people. Note: channel of commo is to AGs, not direct to units. Follow chain of command.Chief NGB reports to Secretaries of Army and Air Force �For NGB, C2 is Communication & Coordination� (not Command & Control) This is the chain of command and communications spelled out in the law. The separation between the Guard and the Active Army and AF is both a statutory and a Constitutional separation � NGB is the only organization to bridge that separation. As the law says, CNGB answers to 4 people. Note: channel of commo is to AGs, not direct to units. Follow chain of command.

8. National Guard Missions National Defense - Defend the U.S. and its Interests Coordinated by ARNG/ANG U.S. Constitution Article 1 Sect. 8 Cl 15,16 To provide for calling the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions; to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia� The Guard as the first-line reserve of the Army and Air Force Domestic Operations Coordinated by NGB, Joint Operations Center From the signing of the Constitution to this day, the Guard�s role has been increasing, at a more rapid pace in the last 100 years, and at a yet faster pace in the last 5. From the signing of the Constitution to this day, the Guard�s role has been increasing, at a more rapid pace in the last 100 years, and at a yet faster pace in the last 5.

9. Guard Response Status 95% of Guard Funding is Federal ��of the US� when in title 10 status, �in the service of the US� when in title 32 status Note that during 9/11 and last year�s hurricane season, Guard soldiers and airmen did not serve in title 10 capacity. SAD: all state control and funds the organized militia of the states accountability and control by Governor No Posse Comitatus restrictions - State laws apply State pay and benefits 99% of domestic emergencies handled this way If declared a federal disaster, may be reimbursed under Stafford Act T10: all federal control and funds The purpose of the reserve component is to provide trained units and qualified persons available for active duty in the armed forces, in time of war or national emergency, and at such other times as the national security may require (10 USC 1003, Sec. 10102) Used when Guard individuals or units serve overseas, whether for combat, operational missions or training Severs link to states Ensures uniformity of pay & benefits, UCMJ, and conformity to international Status of Forces Agreements Rarely invoked for domestic purposes When used in domestic emergencies, Title 10 provides direct control by the President without interference by state or local authorities, Posse Comitatus applies � unless President invokes Insurrection Act, or otherwise authorizes federal military forces to enforce civil law. Title 32: a HYBRID status between all state and all federal - used to be strictly a training status, but use for other missions has grown. Counterdrug (1989), CSTs (1997); Airport Security (2001); Katrina relief (2005) T32 is the status Guardsmen are in when they conduct drill or AT in the U.S. (AT overseas is in T10 status) What are advantages? (Slide spells many of them out � what is key advantage?) Disadvantages � separate from federal chain; slower for state to employ than SAD Title 32 provides the flexibility to the Nation to engage the Guard across the full range of national response missions No Posse Comitatus restrictions Support to Law Enforcement Accountability and control to the Governor Federal funding and benefits 95% of Guard Funding is Federal ��of the US� when in title 10 status, �in the service of the US� when in title 32 status Note that during 9/11 and last year�s hurricane season, Guard soldiers and airmen did not serve in title 10 capacity. SAD: all state control and funds the organized militia of the states accountability and control by Governor No Posse Comitatus restrictions - State laws apply State pay and benefits 99% of domestic emergencies handled this way If declared a federal disaster, may be reimbursed under Stafford Act T10: all federal control and funds The purpose of the reserve component is to provide trained units and qualified persons available for active duty in the armed forces, in time of war or national emergency, and at such other times as the national security may require (10 USC 1003, Sec. 10102) Used when Guard individuals or units serve overseas, whether for combat, operational missions or training Severs link to states Ensures uniformity of pay & benefits, UCMJ, and conformity to international Status of Forces Agreements Rarely invoked for domestic purposes When used in domestic emergencies, Title 10 provides direct control by the President without interference by state or local authorities, Posse Comitatus applies � unless President invokes Insurrection Act, or otherwise authorizes federal military forces to enforce civil law. Title 32: a HYBRID status between all state and all federal - used to be strictly a training status, but use for other missions has grown. Counterdrug (1989), CSTs (1997); Airport Security (2001); Katrina relief (2005) T32 is the status Guardsmen are in when they conduct drill or AT in the U.S. (AT overseas is in T10 status) What are advantages? (Slide spells many of them out � what is key advantage?) Disadvantages � separate from federal chain; slower for state to employ than SAD Title 32 provides the flexibility to the Nation to engage the Guard across the full range of national response missions No Posse Comitatus restrictions Support to Law Enforcement Accountability and control to the Governor Federal funding and benefits

10. NG Effectiveness

11. Basic take home here is the Guard is everywhere. Basic take home here is the Guard is everywhere.

12. NG Domestic Capabilities Joint Force Headquarters (JFHQ) Joint Task Force State State Joint Operations Centers (JOC) WMD Civil Support Teams (CST) CBRN Enhanced Response Force (CERFP) National Guard Reaction Force (NGRF) Aviation (fixed wing and rotor) Engineer (Search & Rescue) Medical Communications Security Maintenance Transportation Logistics Critical Infrastructure Protection � Mission Assurance Assessments (CIP - MAA) CERFP Composition: Engineer Company, Chemical Company, Medical Group, HQ Conducts: Decontamination, search and extraction, & emergency medical treatment NGRF provide every state with a combat force capable of delivering a company-sized unit in 4 hours and the remainder of a battalion within 24 hours. By design, a NGRF can respond to an incident well ahead of other DoD assets. CIP-MAA in the Guard is supported by the staff at Dalgren. The guard is currently standing up CIP-MAA teams to conduct critical infrastructure vulnerability assessments. CERFP Composition: Engineer Company, Chemical Company, Medical Group, HQ Conducts: Decontamination, search and extraction, & emergency medical treatment NGRF provide every state with a combat force capable of delivering a company-sized unit in 4 hours and the remainder of a battalion within 24 hours. By design, a NGRF can respond to an incident well ahead of other DoD assets. CIP-MAA in the Guard is supported by the staff at Dalgren. The guard is currently standing up CIP-MAA teams to conduct critical infrastructure vulnerability assessments.

13. Mission Types Key Asset Protection Border Security WMD (CBRN) Wildfire Fighting Hurricanes Snow Storms Floods Other Natural and Man-made Disasters National Special Security Events (NSSE) On a daily basis, the National Guard is responding to these types of events. This is not a complete list�On a daily basis, the National Guard is responding to these types of events. This is not a complete list�

14. State Adjutant General Roles Part of what makes the Guard the ideal institution for this kind of intergovernmental interface is that roughly half our TAGs already serve as state directors of Emergency Management or state directors of Homeland Security, thus creating a natural interface between DoD and DHS at the state level.Part of what makes the Guard the ideal institution for this kind of intergovernmental interface is that roughly half our TAGs already serve as state directors of Emergency Management or state directors of Homeland Security, thus creating a natural interface between DoD and DHS at the state level.

15. Governor�s Emergency Powers Governor May Declare State of Emergency for all or part of State Suspend State Laws Order evacuations Eminent Domain Control Access to Disaster Area State to State requests for Assistance (EMAC) Activate the National Guard in State Status Request Federal Assistance Governor is in Command Federal assistance may be granted if the severity and magnitude of the disaster is beyond the capabilities of the State and affected local governments. Note that the governor is in charge except in rare cases where the President takes over control� the most recent example is the Rodney King riots in LA in 1992. We went through 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina with the governors of the respective States in charge. Federal assistance may be granted if the severity and magnitude of the disaster is beyond the capabilities of the State and affected local governments. Note that the governor is in charge except in rare cases where the President takes over control� the most recent example is the Rodney King riots in LA in 1992. We went through 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina with the governors of the respective States in charge.

16. NG Joint Operation Centers NGB Joint Operations Center (JOC) 24/7/365 Operation � Routine staffing Federal Disasters � Enhanced Manning The JOC is the one stop shop for information sharing for all external agencies.The JOC is the one stop shop for information sharing for all external agencies.

17. State JOC & EOCs

18. JOC is Channel of Communications

19. National Guard GIS

20. GIS Use in States >75 Fulltime GIS Staff >100 Desktop GIS Users Environmental Compliance Land Management Training/Range Mgmt Range Safety Facilities Management Force Protection Recruiting Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) response Operations/Homeland Security The areas noted here have no connection to GIS use in direct support of overseas warfighting. Those capabilities are directed and managed by the U.S Army Corps of Engineers. There are at least 75 fulltime GIS staff working in the States, mostly for Environmental, some for Facilities, a few in Range Offices, and 1 in operations.The areas noted here have no connection to GIS use in direct support of overseas warfighting. Those capabilities are directed and managed by the U.S Army Corps of Engineers. There are at least 75 fulltime GIS staff working in the States, mostly for Environmental, some for Facilities, a few in Range Offices, and 1 in operations.

21. GIS Systems/Data States Systems Capabilities Varies widely from State-to-State All States/Territories have desktop GIS < � have ArcSDE, ArcIMS, or ArcGIS Server Geospatial Data Most data for NG owned/leased facilities Little data for areas �outside the fence�

22. NGB GIS Support to States GIS Support Programs Environmental Division Installations Division Training Division Aviation & Safety Division Strength Maintenance Division (recruiters) Air Guard Construction Engineering Domestic Operations Directorate (in process) Provide Staffing, GIS software, Training, and centralized data acquisition

23. NGB GIS Programs Army Guard � 7 GIS staff across 5 Divisions Air Guard � GIO and 4 GIS staff Joint Domestic Operations Directorate Branch Chief (functional GIO) GIS Program Manager Joint Operations Center GIS Analyst(s) Counter Drug � GIS Mapping and Analysis Support to State/Local Law Enforcement Joint Intelligence Directorate

24. Operations GIS

25. Requirements for Operations GIS Common Operating Picture (COP)/Situational Awareness Location of the incident Proximity Critical infrastructure Response resources/personnel Hazard Modeling Threat Assessment/Response Planning Post-event Damage Assessment Briefing and Status Information (geospatially enabled business processes)

26. NG Joint Operations Centers 54 NG Joint Operations Centers Few have in-house GIS capabilities Most rely on other NG GIS staff for geospatial information support in times of crisis NGB standing up a Joint information exchange system To include Geospatial data sharing between State JOCs and NGB JOC Mapping of NG Operations data for basic users up to support for Desktop GIS users Exploring WebEOC and E-Team integration Web Map Services-based information sharing with other Federal Agencies

27. Common Operating Picture (COP)Situational Awareness

28. NG Current Operations Map

30. Aerial Sensors

31. Hazard Modeling National Guard Modeling Capabilities WMD Civil Support Team (CST) Modelers Modeling Software ArcGIS Desktop CATS (Consequence Assessment Tool Set) HPAC IMAAC CAMEO/ALOHA/MARPLOT VAPO HAZUS

32. Threat Assessment/Planning

33. Post-Event Damage Assessment

34. GIS Emergency Support

35. WMD/Civil Support Teams What do the CSTs do?What do the CSTs do?

36. CST Locations Where are the CSTs? They are in 54 States and Territories, plus an extra in CA. Where are the CSTs? They are in 54 States and Territories, plus an extra in CA.

37. GIS Emergency Support Staff? Few NG States have qualified GIS staff to support operations GIS support staff can be deployed from NGB to State JOC In the event of a disaster, other GIS staff will support operations Coordination across State agencies is critical prior to an emergency How to make contact?

38. Questions? MAJ Charles Cobb Geospatial Information Support & Integration Branch Chief Tel: 703-607-1855 Email: Charles.C.Cobb@ng.army.mil Rob Barber-Delach Domestic Operations GIS Program Manager Tel: 703-607-3268 Email: Robert.Barber-Delach@ngb.army.mil

39. Backup Slides

40. NGB Charter Facilitating and coordinating with the Departments of the Army and the Air Force the use of National Guard personnel and resources for contingency operations, Military Operations Other Than War, natural disasters, Military Support to Civil Authorities, and special events. NGB is responsible for monitoring and assisting the National Guard in the 54 States, Territories, and District of Columbia This is item 12 of 16 in the NGB Charter, and the one that applies most closely to the subject at hand. Note that references to the States throughout this briefing are referring to: 54 States, Territories, and District of Columbia Does not refer to the entire State government, military departments only. This is item 12 of 16 in the NGB Charter, and the one that applies most closely to the subject at hand. Note that references to the States throughout this briefing are referring to: 54 States, Territories, and District of Columbia Does not refer to the entire State government, military departments only.

41. Personnel Statusbackup slide

43. Status and Briefing Maps Goal: Maximize Automation of Status Map Briefing slides