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Ch 13 Marine Life Producers and consumers Trophic level and food web Limiting factors Taxonomy

Ch 13 Marine Life Producers and consumers Trophic level and food web Limiting factors Taxonomy . Living organisms Energy Entropy Photosynthesis Chlorophyll Producer Glucose = food = stored chemical energy 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

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Ch 13 Marine Life Producers and consumers Trophic level and food web Limiting factors Taxonomy

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  1. Ch 13 Marine Life • Producers and consumers • Trophic level and food web • Limiting factors • Taxonomy

  2. Living organisms • Energy • Entropy • Photosynthesis • Chlorophyll • Producer • Glucose = food = stored chemical energy • 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Carbon dioxide water glucose oxygen

  3. Primary productivity in the ocean • =bound carbon in gC/m2 yr • Biomass production/ yr ~ 10 x carbon content of primary producer/ yr Diatom Coscinodiscus

  4. Satellite view of chlorophyll content of ocean as estimate of primary productivity

  5. Autotroph • Primary producer • Heterotroph • Primary consumer • herbivore • Secondary consumer • carnivore • Top consumer Shark Photo from http://www.tahiti.pictures-pacific.com/bora-bora/shark.jpg

  6. Trophic pyramid Trophic level

  7. Food web

  8. Essential for marine life • Essential elements: carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen = 99% of living mass • Light • Heat Nitrogen cycle Nitrogen gas N2 Nitrate NO3- Nitrite NO2- Ammonia NH3 Ammonium NH4+ DON = dissolved organic nitrogen

  9. Nutrient • Nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, potassium • Silicate, iron, copper, manganese, zinc • Limiting nutrient or other factor

  10. Visible light penetration in water • Turbidity • Photic zone • Aphotic zone

  11. Euphotic zone • photosynthesis • Disphotic zone • Visible light only

  12. Endothermic walrus Ectothermic fish • Temperature • Metabolic rate • Ectothermic • Endothermic

  13. Dissolved gas • pH • Hydrostatic pressure Photo from http://www.bslwater.com/images/daf_for_water/bubbles.jpg

  14. Salinity • Diffusion • Osmosis • Active transport (reverse osmosis)

  15. Osmosis • Hypertonic • Isotonic • Hypotonic hypertonic hypotonic isotonic

  16. Limit on cell size

  17. Ocean zones • Pelagic (horizontal) zones • Neritic • Oceanic • Benthic (bottom) zones • Littoral • Sublittoral • Bathyal • Abyssal • Hadal

  18. Fig. 3.3 • Charles Darwin 1859 • Evolution of organisms • Natural selection

  19. Natural selection

  20. horse panda Vestigial structures and other imperfections whale snake

  21. Converging evolution Iterative evolution

  22. Prokaryote • Eukaryote • Taxonomy • Kingdom

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