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Political Manipulation: In some cases, there are allegations of political manipulation in the delimitation process. Accusations of gerrymandering, where boundaries are adjusted to benefit a particular political party, can further intensify political disputes.
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Delimitation GS2: Polity & Governance
Delimitation Overview: • Delimitation is essential for equitable representation in India's legislative bodies, such as the LokSabha and state assemblies. • It involves redrawing electoral boundaries and allocating seats based on population to prevent gerrymandering. • The goal is to ensure that every person's vote carries a similar weight.
Delimitation Process: • Delimitation is mandated by the Indian Constitution and conducted by an independent commission. • The decisions made by the commission are final and cannot be challenged in court. • The last delimitation exercise occurred in 2002, and it focused on boundary changes, not seat increases. • The next delimitation should be based on the first Census after 2026, but the 2021 Census was delayed due to COVID-19. • Delimitation can proceed based on the delayed 2021 Census, potentially affecting the 2029 general elections.
Contentious Issues: • Delimitation can lead to changes in the total number of parliamentary and assembly seats. • It allocates seats to states based on population ratios, potentially causing inter-state conflicts. • It may accentuate regional disparities in political representation. • Delimitation can disrupt political equilibrium and affect the electoral prospects of politicians and parties. • Allegations of political manipulation, such as gerrymandering, can intensify political disputes.
Freeze on LokSabha Seats: • The LokSabha seat count has remained at 543 since the 1970s. • The freeze resulted from political decisions to address delimitation and population control concerns. • The 42nd Amendment in 1976 suspended delimitation until 2001, citing family planning. • The freeze was extended in 2001 until 2026, assuming population policies would stabilize by then.
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