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Separating Mixtures

Separating Mixtures. How do we separate …?. Filtration Chromatography Centrifuging Evaporating Crystallisation Dissolving Decantation Sieving Flotation Sedimentation.

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Separating Mixtures

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  1. Separating Mixtures

  2. How do we separate …?

  3. Filtration • Chromatography • Centrifuging • Evaporating • Crystallisation • Dissolving • Decantation • Sieving • Flotation • Sedimentation

  4. Filtration - The process whereby fluids pass through a filter or a filtering medium. A process like sieving, where large particles are caught on filter paper, whilst solutions pass through

  5. Centrifuges rotate containers of • liquids to separate suspended • materials with different densities. • Centrifuges separate different components of human blood or milk and to clarify solutions. A high speed separator can rotate at great speed to separate fat (cream) from milk. • The spin drier in washing machines is a type of centrifuge that throws out the liquid by the "centrifugal force" of the rotation.

  6. http://www.rocketguy.com/rocket/cent_trial.html

  7. Centrifuging

  8. Decantation

  9. Evaporationchanges state from a liquid to a gas. Evaporation occurs only from the surface of the liquid.

  10. Crystallization refers to the formation of solid crystals from a homogeneous solution.  It is essentially a solid-liquid separation technique.

  11. Crystal = a solid in which the atoms, molecules or ions are packed in a regular, ordered, repeated pattern. Examples …salt, sugar, baking soda, baking powder, quartz, diamonds,

  12. Copper Sulphate Crystals

  13. Distillation is a method used to separate a liquid from a solution through boiling and condensation Rose oil distillation

  14. Separating funnel

  15. Fractional Distillation

  16. Chromatography ( colour writing) is used to separate small amounts of chemicals so that they can be analysed. • Different substances or different components move at different speeds through a strip of wet paper a gel or a gas.

  17. EXTRACTING OIL FROM NUTS.1 Place ground peanuts into a mortar. 2 Add 20 mL of methylated spirits. 3 Thoroughly grind nuts in solvent. 4 Pour liquid into a test-tube5 Filter into an evaporating basin. 6 Warm evaporating basin for 10 minutes. 7 The solvent evaporates leaving the oil extracted from the nuts.

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