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Fungal Reproduction

Fungal Reproduction. Many fungi have the ability to reproduce by asexual and sexual means. Fungal reproduction. Anamorph= asexual stage Mitospore=spore formed via asexual reproduction (mitosis) , commonly called a conidium or sporangiospore Teleomorph= sexual stage

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Fungal Reproduction

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  1. Fungal Reproduction • Many fungi have the ability to reproduce by asexual and sexual means

  2. Fungal reproduction • Anamorph= asexual stage • Mitospore=spore formed via asexual reproduction (mitosis), commonly called a conidium or sporangiospore • Teleomorph= sexualstage • Meiospore=spore formed via sexual reproduction (e.g., resulting from meiosis), type of spore varies by phylum

  3. Concept of fungal holomorph • Asexual and sexual reproduction may be separated in time and space • The holomorph is the entire fungus—including asexual and sexual stages if both are formed

  4. Vegetative Reproduction • Reproduksi yang melibatkanbagiansomatik talus fungi, dapatterjadimelaluibeberapacara: • Fragmentation mycelium terpotongmenjadibeberapafragmen yang samabaiksecarasengajaatauadanyatekanandarieksternal. Masing-masingfragmentumbuhmenjadi mycelium baru. • Budding (bertunas) • Selindukmenghasilkansatuataulebihtonjolan yang disebuttunasT yang nantinyaakanmenjadistruktur yang pentingdantumbuhindividubaru.

  5. Fission • Selindukmembelahmenjadduabagian yang sama , masing-masingakanberkembangmenjadiindividubaru. • Sclerotia • DalambeberapakasussepertipadaClaviceps, hyphaemembentukjalinanmenjadimassa yang kompakdandikelilingiolehdinding yang keras. Struktur: Sklerotia. Padakondisilingkungan yang tidakmenguntungkanbersifatdormandanakanberkecambahmenjadimiseliumbarujikakondisilingkunganmenguntungkan. • Rhizomorphs • Padabeberapa fungi tingkattinggi , beberapahifamembentukjalinansepertitali yang disebutrhizomorp. Padakondisi yang menguntungkanakantumbuhmenjadimiseliumbaru.

  6. Asexual Reproduction Beberapatipesporaaseksual yang dihasilkanolehbeberapagolongan fungi • Zoospores • Sporagiospores • Chlamydospores • Oidia • Conidia

  7. A. Zoospore, B. Sporangisphore

  8. C. Chlamydospores, D. Oidia

  9. E. Conidia

  10. + – hyphae (n) fused hyphae (n + n) zygote (2n) + + – – sexual spores (n) zygotes (2n) Sexual reproduction in fungi fusion of compatible hyphae(plasmogamy) dispersal of spores fusion of nuclei(karyogamy) meiosis of “zygote-like” structures

  11. Sexual Reproduction Sexual fusion in fungi is of different types, as follows : • Planogametic Copulation • Gametangial Contact • Gametangial Copulation • Spermatisation • Somatogamy

  12. Fungal Reproduction • Chytridiomycota • Form motile spores called zoospores • Meiosis occurs in resting sporangium • Glomeromycota = Arbuscularmycorrhizae • Spore formed in soil or roots , may containi hundreds of nuclei; - Zygomycota • Form asexual spores called sporangiospores • Meiosis occurs in zygospore • Ascomycota (including Deuteromycetes) • Form asexual spores called conidia • Meiosis occurs in ascus • Basidiomycota • Meiosis occurs in basidium

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