Please have your vocab. packets out and ready to go.

1. Please have your vocab. packets out and ready to go. (We’re going to read first, but I want your packets nearby!)

2. Lesson 1 Key Vocabulary

3. Setting & Mood • Setting—where the story takes place, when the story takes place, and sometimes, what kinds of things (weather, objects, etc.) are involved in the story. • Place: Abandoned house • When: Late at night • Things Involved: Thunderstorms, bones, cut phone lines • Mood/atmosphere—the emotion or emotions that the reader is probably supposed to feel based on a particular setting. • SETTING (abandoned house, late at night, with a storm, bones on the floor, and the phone lines cut) would create a MOOD (or ATMOSPHERE) that is scary, creepy, tense, nervous, etc.

4. Plot Diagram: Sketch this SIDEWAYS in the VISUAL boxes (3a-3e) • Plot: The events that happen in the story INCITING INCIDENT

5. Parts of Plot Defined • Exposition—The introductory material which tells the setting, creates the tone, presents the characters, and gives other important information. • Rising Action—events that build towards the climax. Begins with the inciting incident and ends with the climax. • Crisis / Inciting Incident—The conflict reaches a turning point. At this point the opposing forces in the story meet and the conflict becomes most intense. The crisis occurs before or at the same time as the climax. • Climax—The climax is the result of the crisis. It is the high point of the story for the reader. Frequently, it is the moment of the highest interest and greatest emotion. The point at which the outcome of the conflict can be predicted. • Falling Action—Events after the climax which close the story. • Resolution (Denouement)—Wraps the story up.

6. What drives the plot? • Central Conflict—the part of the story that causes, or is behind, all of the trouble • i.e. racism, a monster • The Lion King: central conflict: Scar wanted to take over Simba’s pride (lion pack) • Aladdin: Jafar wanted to be the ruler • Harry Potter: Lord Voldemort wants to take over • Avatar: the humans wanted resources on Pandora

7. How are most short stories structured? • Chronological Order: events happen in time order (first, next, later, finally)

8. Lesson 2 Key Vocabulary

9. All Characters Are… • ROUND (3D) or FLAT (1D) • Round: We know a lot about them • Flat: We don’t know much about them AND all characters are ALSO either • DYNAMIC or STATIC • Dynamic: The character goes through emotional change (mature) in the story • Static: The character does not change or grow (doesn’t mature)

10. Some characters are… • Stock Characters: “Typical” character—typical bad guy, typical good guy, the hero, the woman in distress, the innocent child

11. We learn about characters through…. • Indirect Characterization: • We figure out what characters are like by noting how they act, talk, what other characters say about them, etc. • “That Becca, no one likes her!” laughed Jenny. • (We learn Jenny gossips, or else that no one likes Becca.) • Direct Characterization: • The narrator (someone outside of the story) straight-up describes a character • “She was a sad, young girl.”

12. Characters Struggle…. • Internal Conflict—1 type • Character vs. Self: The character struggles with a feeling that he/she has to overcome • Greed, pride, shame, etc. • External Conflict—2 types • Character vs. Character: A character battles another character (i.e., a mean girl against a nice girl) • Character vs. World/Society: A character battles a group, usually based on a group’s belief (i.e., racism, homosexuality, unpopularity, etc.)

13. The Story is Told by the… • Narrator: tells the story • Narrator may be… • First-person: A character IN the story. Uses “I” and “Me” • Third-person limited: NOT a character in the story. The narrator focuses on one character. • Third-person omniscient: “God-like” narrator who is all knowing (knows all characters’ thoughts and feelings)

14. Lesson 3 Themes & Other Connections

15. Connecting to Stories • Theme: A main message that the author is trying to share with readers; the moral of a story.

16. Other Connections Help Us Relate to Stories • Text-to-self: When the reader can personally connect to something or someone in a story • Text-to-world/society: When the reader realizes the text reflects something happening now or in the past in the world • Text-to-text: When the reader notices that a story has something in common with other literature

17. Lesson 4 Other Literary Devices

18. Irony • Verbal Irony—when a character says something but secretly means something else (sort of like sarcasm), or when the words characters use have double meanings • Dramatic Irony—when the reader (or a character) knows something is going to happen, but another character or some other characters don’t know • Situational Irony— • when we (as readers) are sort of led to believe that something is going to happen, but then something different happens, OR • when the characters think something is supposed to happen, but then something else happens

19. Symbolism • Symbolism: When something in a story represents something else, usually a major concept in society • I.e., a book of knowledge, a “god” • I.e., in Harry Potter, the battle between the “pure bloods” and the “mudbloods” represents racial hatred in our society

20. Time Terms • Foreshadowing: When readers get clear hints that help them predict what might happen • Flashback: When a character has a memory of or talks about something that happened earlier in the story or before the story started

21. Lesson 5 Author’s Purpose

22. Nothing in GOOD Literature is by Chance • Inference: When the reader can make an educated guess or “put the pieces together” to understand the story or an author’s intent • Purpose: What an author was trying to do • Impact: The affect on the reader of what the author was trying to do

23. Lesson 6 Test Time

24. Reading Strategies • All good readers… • Predict: Guess what will happen (but be able to support the guess with text clues) • Summarize: Understand Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How of what they’re reading. Summarize to check understanding. • Visualize: Picture what they’re reading to help them connect.

25. Short Answer & Extended Response Format • RARE • Restate • Answer • Give a reason/example • Explain how the reason/example supports the answer