1 / 20

Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution. 1750-1850. Why England?. Political Stability Religious Toleration Agricultural Revolution - Convertible Husbandry - Enclosure Movement Expanding Population Capital for Investment, Central Bank. Geographic Advantages. Relatively Small Close to the Sea

abigail-jacobson
Download Presentation

Industrial Revolution

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Industrial Revolution 1750-1850

  2. Why England? • Political Stability • Religious Toleration • Agricultural Revolution - Convertible Husbandry - Enclosure Movement • Expanding Population • Capital for Investment, Central Bank

  3. Geographic Advantages • Relatively Small • Close to the Sea • Balance of resources - Iron and coal - fertile plains • Streams

  4. Industrialization 1750-1850 England • Textile industry was first to industrialize • First factories along streams • Steam engine allowed inland factories • Railroad allowed transportation of passengers and goods

  5. Industrialization 1750-1850 Great Exhibition of 1851 • Display of 13,000 exhibitors showing British Industrial goods • Crystal Palace- first prefabricated building

  6. Industrialization 1750-1850 The Continent • Belgium first to industrialize (coal and iron) • German states hampered by internal taxes and tariffs • Zollverein- customs union that abolished tariffs. • Prussia rapidly industrialized

  7. Industrialization 1750-1850 Impact • Urbanization • Horrible work conditions Sadler Committee • Exposed factory conditions for children Factory Act 1833 • Limited hours children could work

  8. National Unification 1854-1871

  9. Crimean War • Ended the idea of the Concert of Europe • Nations would no longer intervene to end nationalist wars

  10. Italy • Led by Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia • Only Italian state with liberal constitution • Cavour, Chief Minister to king Victor Emmanuel • Allied with France to kick Austria out of Italy • Conflict ended before Austria was driven out • France feared unified Italian state

  11. Italy • Garibaldi angered over terms of peace treaty with France • Cavour encouraged him to invade Sicily • 1,000 Red Shirts conquered southern Italy • Marched on Rome

  12. Italy • Covour did not want Garibaldi to unify Italy • Rushed troops to block his march • Popular revolt in papal states • Used his troops to restore order • Victor Emmanuel declared King of unified Italy 1861 (except Venetia and Rome) • Italy seized Venetia from Austria in 1866 (Austro Prussian War) • Rome added in 1870 (Franco-Prussian War)

  13. Germany • Austria and Prussia dominant states • Austria excluded from Zollverein, Prussia dominant economically • Prussian King William I selected Otto von Bismarck as his Prime Minister “Blood and Iron” – power and authority, not liberalism • Bismarck modernized Prussia's army

  14. Germany • Austro-Prussian War (Seven Weeks War) 1866 • Prussia annexed German States that supported Austria, left Austria intact • North German Confederation

  15. Germany • Franco-Prussian War 1870 • Prussian army overwhelmed the French • William I declared emperor of Germany - Alsace and Lorraine to Germany • French to pay indemnity for war • Germany became leading economic power on the continent • Scramble for Africa - race for empire oversees

  16. Germany • Kulturkampf • Conflict with the Catholic Church • Control of church appointments, education • Bismarck banned Socialist from assembling, publishing material

  17. France • Napoleon III ruled as an absolute monarch • Economic expansion at beginning of reign Georges Haussmann • Cleared slums of Paris • Built wide avenues • Aqueducts to bring fresh water • Cleaner and more sanitary

  18. France • Napoleon III’s popularity faded as a result of Crimean War • Enacted “liberal empire”, becoming a constitutional monarch 1859 • Was captured during Franco Prussian War Paris Commune • result of anarchy of Franco-Prussian War • Restored order in Paris • Massacred 25,000 Parisians

  19. France Third Republic 1870-1940 • Universal male suffrage • Representative parliament • Elected president

  20. Great Britain Expansion of Democracy • Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli • Second Reform Bill 1867 • All male heads of household could vote • Prime Minister William Gladstone • Vote extended to heads of household in the Countryside • During reign of Queen Victoria (r1837-1901) deterioration of the power of the monarchy

More Related