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Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution. The main features of the Industrial Revolution were… Technological Socioeconomic Cultural. Industrialization Organizer. Technology. New basic materials Iron and steel New energy sources Coal Steam engine Electricity Petroleum Internal combustion engine.

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Industrial Revolution

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  1. Industrial Revolution • The main features of the Industrial Revolution were… • Technological • Socioeconomic • Cultural S. Melvin

  2. Industrialization Organizer S. Melvin

  3. Technology • New basic materials • Iron and steel • New energy sources • Coal • Steam engine • Electricity • Petroleum • Internal combustion engine S. Melvin

  4. New machines • Spinning jenny • Power loom • Factory system • Division of labor • Specialization of function S. Melvin

  5. Pre-Industrial Society • Farming – Middle ages • Villages fed themselves • One field left fallow – to regain fertility • Disadvantages • Land use inefficient • Didn’t try new farming methods • Change • Population growing – more food needed S. Melvin

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  7. Agricultural Revolution • Enclosure Movement • Fenced in common pastures • Villages lost land, power, poor became poorer • Crop Rotation • Nutrients replenished by planting other crops • Not left inefficiently fallow S. Melvin

  8. Crop Rotation S. Melvin

  9. Other discoveries • Seed drill • New crops: corn, potato • Results of Ag. Rev. • More food available • Population increased S. Melvin

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  11. Cottage Industry • Merchants role • Supplied materials (wool, cotton) to cottages to be spun • Took supplies from cottage to cottage • Sell product for more than material and labor • Cost = profit + larger investment = higher profit S. Melvin

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  14. Capitalism • Economic system based on • Private ownership • Free competition • Profit • Cottage industry example of early capitalism • Effects of Cottage industry • Big profits • Alternative source of income for peasants S. Melvin

  15. Textile Industry – Factory System • Textile Industry • Cottages couldn’t keep up with demand • Spinning jenny, water frame… • Power loom • Cotton gin S. Melvin

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  17. Rise of the Factory • New machines, too big for cottage • Factory located near power source • Effects of Textile Factories • Price of good lower – mass produced • Industry increased – demand • Villagers left to find work in factories – urban center grew S. Melvin

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