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GIS in Biology

GIS in Biology. GIS Day 2005 Glens Falls High School. How the System Works. GIS. DATA. MAPS. REPORTS. DATA. MODELS. Layers of Data. Summit Location. Elevation Contours. Town Boundaries. DYNAMIC LINKS. Environmental Analysis. Habitat protection Species tracking

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GIS in Biology

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  1. GIS in Biology GIS Day 2005 Glens Falls High School

  2. How the System Works GIS DATA MAPS REPORTS DATA MODELS

  3. Layers of Data Summit Location Elevation Contours Town Boundaries

  4. DYNAMIC LINKS

  5. Environmental Analysis • Habitat protection • Species tracking • Balanced development (e.g., “greenprinting”) • Stream and wetland buffering Society for Conservation Biology (http://www.scgis.org/index.html)

  6. Special Ways of Viewing • Internet/Intranet • 3-D perspective

  7. Habitat Changes over Time • Use aerial photograph with land use data • Overlay with land use data – determine if/how past land use impacts habitat • Predict, based on land use trends, future change in environment

  8. 1918 Fire Protection

  9. 1978 Land Cover

  10. Migration Patterns • GPS tags to track animal migration and habitat range • Example: Leatherback Sea Turtleshttp://las.pfeg.noaa.gov/TOPP_recent/sp11_trk.html

  11. Invasive Species • Track encroachment of invasive species • Purple loosestrife • Zebra mussels

  12. Zebra Mussel Distribution:1988-1999 1988 1999 Map Source: http://el.erdc.usace.army.mil/zebra/zmis/zmishelp/zebra_mussel_distribution.htm

  13. Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) Distribution in US as of April 2004 Info Source: http://www.iisgcp.org/EXOTICSP/purple_loosestrife.htm; http://ceris.purdue.edu/napis/pests/pls/imap/plsall.html

  14. Change in Coral Reefs Interactive GIS website • Extent of reefs • Health status • Percentage decline over time • Factors contributing to decline http://www.reefbase.org/dataphotos/dat_gis.asp

  15. Water Protection Stream protection: • Prevents soil erosion • Maintains tree cover in vicinity, keeping streams cold for species such as trout 50 foot buffer of streams Private land with harvestable timber http://www.watersheds.org/farm/marking.htm

  16. Public Health • Spread of epidemic disease • Mapping cholera outbreak in 1854 London • H5N1 Avian Flu • Cancer incidents • Aids cases • Environmental and Cultural factors

  17. Cholera Outbreak • Dr. John Snow maps locations of cases (tallied by thick lines on map) • Spatial patterns help identify probable cause of outbreak (i.e., contaminated water at public pump site) http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/socbulletin34(2)3_7_2001.pdf

  18. Identify Neighborhoods at highest risk Plan insecticide spraying West Nile Virus

  19. Tracking Lead Poisoning in Children • Examine property data for structures built prior to 1970 • Overlay with locations of lead poisoning cases (homes of children) Map Source: http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/2004/7053/fig1.jpg

  20. Greenprinting • Land Use • Wetland Management • Mining Reclamation and Mgmt • Parks and Open Space • Transportation • Growth Management • Watershed • Case Study: Kings County, WA

  21. QUESTIONS?

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