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Kyoto Implementation- Opportunities for Bosnia and Herzegovina

Kyoto Implementation- Opportunities for Bosnia and Herzegovina. The UNFCCC Focal Point for Bosnia and Herzegovina Ministry of Physical Planning, Civil Engineering and Ecology, Banja Luka Presenter: Mr. Borislav Jaksic Head of The Climate Change Steering Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Kyoto Implementation- Opportunities for Bosnia and Herzegovina

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  1. Kyoto Implementation- Opportunities for Bosnia and Herzegovina The UNFCCC Focal Point for Bosnia and Herzegovina Ministry of Physical Planning, Civil Engineering and Ecology, Banja Luka Presenter: Mr. Borislav Jaksic Head of The Climate Change Steering Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Assistant Minister for ecology MPPCEE RS Komitet/Potkomitet BiH Steering Committee and Sub-Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina

  2. BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA National flag: Land area= 51,209 km2 Population (Census, 1991) = 4,377, 033 /85,5 inh. per km2 Country’s Human Development Indexin 2001 was 0,777; indicating its medium-scale development (UNDP, 2002) km2 Komitet/Potkomitet BiH Steering Committee and Sub-Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina

  3. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Country is positioned in SEE region, Balkan Peninsula, bordering to the N, W, and SW to Croatia (932 km ), and to the east to Serbia and Montenegro (606 km). 13 km long coastline along the Adriatic Sea around the town of Neum Territorial organisation differs in two entities. Republic of Srpska has municipal structure (64 municipalities), while Federation B&H consists of 10 cantons Komitet/Potkomitet BiH Steering Committee and Sub-Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina

  4. The country is situated between the continental and Mediterranean climatic zones , which creates three local climatic areas: the northern inland territory, with a moderate continental climate, the mountain areas, ranging from mountainous to semi-Alpine climate and the southern Adriatic-Mediterranean areaswith warm summers and mild winters. The mountain areas, with altitude of 700 m and above, have the annual precipitation between 1,500 and 2,500 mm Adriatic-Mediterranean climate areas have the average precipitation of 600-800 mm The main river is Sava (331 km within B&H), which runs along the northern border, comprising the main stream of predominating Danube River Basin. One third of the river catchments area belongs to the Adriatic River Basin, flowing to the south. CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS Komitet/Potkomitet BiH Steering Committee and Sub-Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina

  5. LAND USE and RESOURCES Land cover: forest and woodland 39%, meadows and pastures 20%. 14 % of the land is arable, with 5% under permanent crops Before the war, agricultural production was significant, although country still relied on imports of important staples Natural resources include deposits of minerals ( salt, manganese, silver, lead, copper, iron, chromium and coal) Land use in B&H (data from 1993) Komitet/Potkomitet BiH Steering Committee and Sub-Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina

  6. ECONOMIC FEATURES Before the civil war, economic structure was diversified, with share of mining in total GDP of 14%, and well developed tourism Foreign trade dramatically declined after the war, exports dropped four times from the pre-war 2 billion USD, whilst imports rose from 1, 7 billion USD to the present level of about 2, 8 billion USD (% of total GDP by sector in 1999 and 2000) Komitet/Potkomitet BiH Steering Committee and Sub-Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina

  7. MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS An important feature of the economic development is the disparity between the entities – the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska. According to World Bank estimates, per capita GDP in 2001 in Republika Srpska was approximately 60% of that in the Federation – US$ 873 and US$ 1,453, respectively. Average monthly net wages that year were KM 305 and KM 433, respectively. Disparities also exist within the entities, particularly in the Federation, which is highly decentralized Komitet/Potkomitet BiH Steering Committee and Sub-Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina

  8. SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND IMPACTS TO THE ENVIRONMENT (source: National Environmental Action Plan for B&H-NEAP, 2002) Structure and dynamics of economic development in B&H have had a significant impact on the environment in the past and in current times Post-war period is characterized with the country reconstruction, transition of economy and tendency towards adoption of new developmental and environmental care Komitet/Potkomitet BiH Steering Committee and Sub-Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina

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