Transcription and Translation

Transcription and Translation Formative Quiz

Question 1 • A segment of DNA on a chromosome holds the code or “recipe” for a protein is called a _______.

Question 2 • Fill in the blank: • DNA  RNA  ____________  traits

Question 3 • What are the three types of traits?

Question 4 • The process of forming RNA from a strand of DNA is called ___________.

Question 5 • RNA has ____ strand.

Question 6 • What are the three types of RNA?

Question 7 • ____________ replaces the nucleotide THYMINE in an RNA molecule.

Question 8 • Transcription Steps: • DNA unwinds • Hydrogen bonds split • _________________ joins free floating RNA nucleotides to complementary DNA nucleotides

Question 9 • Every set of three mRNA nucleotides, called a ___________, correlates to 1 amino acid.

Question 10 • Which amino acid is coded from AUG? • Why is it important?

Question 11 • Transcription takes place in the ______________.

Question 12 • The process of reading RNA to build a chain of amino acids is called _____________.

Question 13 • Translation takes place on a __________ found in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 14 • _________ attaches to each codon on the mRNA strand. • Then another ________ molecule attaches to the next codon, and the amino acids join.

Question 15 • The bond found between amino acids is called a ______________ bond.

Question 16 • What would be the tRNA anticodon for this mRNA codon? CAG

Question 17 • Which amino acid would the tRNA be attached to that belongs to this mRNA codon? AAC

Question 18 • What is the name of the codon at which point translation will then STOP?

Question 19 • A chain of amino acids will then FOLD to form a _________.

Question 20 • If you changed just ONE nucleotide on a DNA strand, this would change the sequence of: • A: mRNA • B: tRNA • C: rRNA • D: amino acids • E: all of the above

Question 21 • Non-coding DNA is also referred to as _________ DNA. It does not contain information for the production of _________.

Question 22 • Substitution, Deletion and Addition Mutations are all examples of ________ mutations. Deletion and Addition are called __________ mutations. • Which is the least serious?__________

Question 23 • The difference between a muscle cell and a skin cell is that different genes are ___________.

Transcription and Translation Formative Quiz ANSWER KEY

Question 1 • A segment of DNA on a chromosome holds the code or “recipe” for a protein is called a _GENE______.

Question 2 • Fill in the blank: • DNA  RNA  PROTEINS  traits

Question 3 • What are the three types of traits? • Behavioral • Physical • Physiological

Question 4 • The process of forming RNA from a strand of DNA is called TRANSCRIPTION.

Question 5 • RNA has _1___ strand.

Question 6 • What are the three types of RNA? • rRNA • mRNA • tRNA

Question 7 • _URACIL____ replaces the nucleotide THYMINE in an RNA molecule.

Question 8 • Transcription Steps: • DNA unwinds • Hydrogen bonds split • RNA POLYMERASE joins free floating RNA nucleotides to complementary DNA nucleotides

Question 9 • Every set of three mRNA nucleotides, called a _CODON__, correlates to 1 amino acid.

Question 10 • Which amino acid is coded from AUG? • METHIONINE • Why is it important? • START CODON

Question 11 • Transcription takes place in the _NUCLEUS_____________.

Question 12 • The process of reading RNA to build a chain of amino acids is called TRANSLATION.

Question 13 • Translation takes place on a RIBOSOME found in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 14 • _anticodon________ attaches to each codon on the mRNA strand. • Then another _tRNA_______ molecule attaches to the next codon, and the amino acids join.

Question 15 • The bond found between amino acids is called a _PEPTIDE___ bond.

Question 16 • What would be the tRNA anticodon for this mRNA codon? CAG GUC

Question 17 • Which amino acid would the tRNA be attached to that belongs to this mRNA codon? AAC Asn

Question 18 • What is the name of the codon at which point translation will then STOP? • STOP Codon: • UAA, UAG, UGA

Question 19 • A chain of amino acids will then FOLD to form a _PROTEIN________.

Question 20 • If you changed just ONE nucleotide on a DNA strand, this would change the sequence of: • A: mRNA • B: tRNA • C: rRNA • D: amino acids • E: all of the above

Question 21 • Non-coding DNA is also referred to as junk DNA. It does not contain information for the production of proteins/polypeptides.

Question 22 • Substitution, Deletion and Addition Mutations are all examples of point mutations. Deletion and Addition are called frameshift mutations. • Which is the least serious? substitution

Question 23 • The difference between a muscle cell and a skin cell is that different genes are activated/turned on.

Transcription and Translation