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The legacy of the Buffalo Soldiers

The legacy of the Buffalo Soldiers. 10 th Cav. Montana. Who were the Buffalo Soldiers?. “Buffalo Soldiers” A letter in 1872 references black troops as “buffalo soldiers” Named out of respect for the “Courage of the buffalo”. History of the Buffalo Soldiers. 1792

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The legacy of the Buffalo Soldiers

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  1. The legacy of the Buffalo Soldiers

  2. 10th Cav. Montana

  3. Who were the Buffalo Soldiers? • “Buffalo Soldiers” • A letter in 1872 references black troops as “buffalo soldiers” • Named out of respect for the “Courage of the buffalo”

  4. History of the Buffalo Soldiers • 1792 • Federal Law barred blacks from bearing arms for the US Army • 1863 • Emancipation Proclamation • Government established the Bureau of Colored Troops • General Order 233 • Threatened against mistreatment of black troops by Confederate POWs • 1866 • Congress passed a law creating the all black 9th & 10th Cavalry regiments

  5. U.S. Army Recruitment Poster

  6. WWI Recruitment Poster

  7. 9th Cav., Pine ridge, S.D.

  8. Buffalo Soldiers Statistics • By the end of the Civil War • 179,000 black men (10% of the army) • 19,000 served in the Navy • ~40,000 black soldiers died • During the Indian Wars; • 20% of the Calvary troops were black • Fought in over 177 engagements • In early 1890s Buffalo Soldiers earned $13 a month

  9. Buffalo Soldier Campaigns • Western Frontier • Movement of Native Americans • Settlement of the frontier • Indian Wars • Spanish-American War • Philippine American War • Military Campaign to capture Pancho Villa • Resource Protection of the National Parks • WWI

  10. Troops in Tampa-Spanish American War

  11. Black Settlement of the West • By 1890, at least half a million blacks lived in TX and OK. • After the Homestead Act of 1862 many blacks moved to KS, NE and the territories of Colorado, Oklahoma and Utah • African American towns communities formed in Kansas and Oklahoma • Local officials were elected in the towns

  12. 24th Infantry on Patrol at Yosemite, 1898

  13. Discrimination in the West • Jim Crow laws were in effect • Even for soliders • African American troops continued to be segregated on posts located in the United States, Hawaii, and the Philippines. • Most were relegated to labor and service battalions • In 1941 there were only five Black officers in the regular army

  14. Buffalo Soldier Sites on the Presidio

  15. Medal of Honor • 23 African Americans earned the MOH during the Civil War • 18 Buffalo Soldiers during the Western campaigns • Including several Seminole Negros • awarded to troops for service in • the Spanish American War

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