1 / 32

Dictators Threaten World Peace

Dictators Threaten World Peace. Chapter 16 Section 1 Pages 528-535. Essential Questions:. What types of governments came to power in Russia, Italy,Germany and Japan after WWI? What were the examples of Axis aggression in Europe and Asia?

adria-jensen
Download Presentation

Dictators Threaten World Peace

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Dictators Threaten World Peace Chapter 16 Section 1 Pages 528-535

  2. Essential Questions: • What types of governments came to power in Russia, Italy,Germanyand Japan after WWI? • What were the examples of Axis aggression in Europe and Asia? • What was the plight of Jews in Hitler’s Third Reich? • How did the United States respond to the outbreak of war in 1939? • What brought the United States into WWII?

  3. Dictators Threaten World Peace • The Treaty of Versailles caused anger and resentment • Germany was blamed for WWI, stripped of its’ colonies and forced to pay reparations • The USSR resented the carving up of parts of Russia (Ex. Poland, Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania

  4. Stalin Transforms the USSR • Joseph Stalin “Man of Steel” took over after Lenin’s death in 1924 • He wanted to create a perfect Communist state • He pushed for industrial and agricultural growth • With his 5 year plans the USSR became the world’s second largest industrial power • Stalin purged or killed 8-13 million people who threatened his power • By 1939 Stalin had established complete control and created a totalitarian state

  5. Fascism • Extreme Nationalism • Focus on or looking to the glory of the past, big public rallies or events • Glorification of war, strong armies, etc. • Forceful or Charismatic leaders • Militaristic Expansionism • Interest of the state put ahead of the individual • Glorification of the leader • Anticommunist

  6. Benito Mussolini • Disgruntled Italian WWI Veteran, Powerful Speaker • Played on fears of economic collapse and communism • Oct. 1922 he marched on Rome with his “black shirts” • The Italian King gave in and Mussolini was called “IL Duce” or the leader • He crushed all opposition and made Italy a totalitarian state

  7. Adolf Hitler • Born in Austria in 1889 • Went to Vienna to pursue an art career • Served in WWI, was wounded and gassed • In 1919 he joined the National Socialist German Workers Party ( Nazis) • Nazism – German brand of fascism, extreme nationalism • Organized an unsuccessful “Putsch” in 1923 • While in prison wrote Mein Kampfor “My Struggle” • Unite all German-speaking people in one empire • Enforcement of racial purification • National expansion or lebensraum (living space) • Called himself Der Fuhrer or “ the Leader”

  8. Nazis in Power • Great Depression, WWI reparations (war debt), and dependence on American financial support • 6 million unemployed bitter over the terms of the ToV • Many German men who were out of work joined Hitler’s private army, the Brown Shirts • By mid 1932, the Nazis had a majority in the Reichstag and in 1933 Hitler was appointed Chancellor • Hitler destroyed individual rights and free press • He promised to create a “Third Reich” which would last a thousand years

  9. Rome and Berlin Form the Axis • In 1935 Mussolini invaded Ethiopia • In 1936 Germany and Italy formed the Axis

  10. Japanese Militarists • In the 1930’s Nationalist Militarist were taking control of the Imperial Government of Japan led by Hideki Tojo

  11. Japan Attacks Manchuria • Japan needed iron, coal, and petroleum to support its emerging empire • In 1931 Japan attacked the Chinese providence of Manchuria for its mineral resources • By 1937 Japan controlled all of China’s coastal areas • The Unites States was warned that the Open-Door Policy of trading with China would end • The US warned Japan and cut exports of steel and oil to Japan, while sending aid to China • League of Nations condemns and Japan simply quits the League

  12. Failure of the League of Nations • 1933, Germany quits the League of Nations • 1935, German military begins to rebuild in violation of ToV • Military occupation of the Rhineland • No repercussions or consequences for Germany

  13. Italy & Ethiopia • 1935 Italy invades the African nation of Ethiopia • More empty threats by League • 1936 Ethiopia falls

  14. The Spanish Civil WarA Prelude of War to Come • In 1936 a group of army officers led by Francisco Franco rebelled against the Spanish republican government • About 3,000 Americans went to fight and stop fascism, “The Abraham Lincoln Battalion” • Hitler and Mussolini aided Franco, after 500,000 lives were lost Franco became another fascist, totalitarian dictator in 1939

  15. American Isolationism • Americans wanted to stay out of future conflicts • The Nye Committee showed how many profited due to WWI “Merchants of Death” • 1935 Neutrality Acts outlawed arm sales or loans to nations at war • FDR found a way to send arms to China • In 1937 FDR urged a “Quarantine” of aggressor nations

More Related