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Circulatory Disorders

Circulatory Disorders. HYPERtension & HYPOtension. HYPER = HIGH blood pressure; caused by constricted blood vessels HYPO = LOW blood pressure Vessels D I A L A T E (open wider). How do these lead to Hypertension?.

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Circulatory Disorders

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  1. Circulatory Disorders

  2. HYPERtension & HYPOtension • HYPER = HIGH blood pressure; caused by constricted blood vessels • HYPO = LOW blood pressure • Vessels D I A L A T E (open wider)

  3. How do these lead to Hypertension? • Overexcitement: Leads to (i) higher heart rate (increased blood flow) and (ii) constricted blood vessels = INCREASED blood pressure • Excess salt in diet: Also constricts blood vessels; extra H2O moving into blood = INCREASED blood volume

  4. Atherosclerosis • Accumulated fatty deposits in arteries

  5. THROMBUS: Stationary clot • EMBOLUS: Moving clot Pulmonary embolus

  6. What is a stroke? • Embolus that moves to a vessel in your brain & blocks it

  7. Heart attack vs angina • Heart Attack: portion of heart dies due to lack of oxygen • Angina: radiating pain caused by blockage of coronary artery

  8. Removing blood clots… • Dissolve clots by use of blood thinners

  9. Angioplasty • Invasive • Very thin wire inserted into blood vessels • Small balloon at end inflated to break up blockage

  10. Circulatory Disorders VARICOSE VEINS: • Visible, protruding veins below surface of skin • Cause by “leaky” valves in veins

  11. PHLEBITIS: • Inflammation of a vein (usually in legs) • Can sometimes lead to thrombosis (blood clot) that can travel to other areas of body PULMONARY EMBOLISM: • Blockage of main artery to lungs

  12. Heart Transplants • Results from congestive heart failure • Completely remove old organ & replace with new organ from donor • Use of medication to prevent heart rejection

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