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CHOLERA

CHOLERA. Kate Ferriola-Bruckenstein. Cholera is an acute infection of the small intestine. Cholera is an acute infection of the small intestine. Extreme dehydration. Cholera is an acute infection of the small intestine. Extreme dehydration 100,000-120,000 deaths per year.

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CHOLERA

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  1. CHOLERA Kate Ferriola-Bruckenstein

  2. Cholera is an acute infection of the small intestine

  3. Cholera is an acute infection of the small intestine • Extreme dehydration

  4. Cholera is an acute infection of the small intestine • Extreme dehydration • 100,000-120,000 deaths per year

  5. The cause of cholera was identified byRobert Koch in 1883 • Vibriocholerae

  6. We have known about the diseasefor almost 200 years • India-1817

  7. Cholera is spread by ingestion of contaminated food or water

  8. Cholera is spread by ingestion of contaminated food or water Because of modern sanitation and treatment of drinking water it’s not an issue in the developed world

  9. However, cholera remains an issue for much of the developing world

  10. Cholera lives in the intestine, not inside its cells, and its toxin is the problem • Bacterium secrete Cholera Toxin • CT binds to and is endocytosed into host intestinal epithelial cells

  11. CT causes adenylatecyclase to continually produce the signaling molecule cAMP

  12. high cAMP levels repeatedly activate a pump in the plasma membrane This causes…

  13. Cells pump out chloride and sodium ions, water and electrolytes This causes diarrhea, loss of electrolytes, and dehydration

  14. 75% of those infected do not develop any symptoms

  15. Of the other 25%... • 20% get life-threatening symptoms

  16. Cholera is easily treated in many parts of the world

  17. Cholera is easily treated in many parts of the world • <1% death rate with proper treatment • Rehydration Is the key!

  18. Cholera antibiotics and vaccines are not commonly recommended • resistance • low efficacy

  19. The problem is getting care to underdeveloped nations with limited resources

  20. Prevention is easy in the developed world

  21. Prevention is more difficult in parts of the developing world

  22. Sources • http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs107/en/index.htmlhttp://www.ehow.com/about_5435942_life-cycle-vibrio-cholerae.html#ixzz16upUvgP9 • http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Cholera • http://www.ehow.com/about_5519581_life-cycle-cholera.html#ixzz16uqqHTl3 • http://www.medicalecology.org/water/cholera/cholera.htm • http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/cftr.shtml • http://www.cbc.ca/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2010/12/01/nl-haiti-clinic-1201.html • http://www.who.int/topics/cholera/treatment/en/index.html • http://healthguide.howstuffworks.com/cholera-dictionary.htm • http://www.medicalecology.org/water/cholera/cholera.htm • http://www.who.int/topics/cholera/control/en/index.html

  23. Image Sources • http://affordablehousinginstitute.org/blogs/us/2010/08/sickness-makes-you-stupid.html • http://blogs.bet.com/news/newsyoushouldknow/tag/cholera/ • http://hubpages.com/hub/Prevention-and-Treatment-for-Cholera • http://www.icm.tn.gov.in/idsp3.html • http://www.africaneeds.org/diseases.html • http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/aug/24/zimbabwe-new-cholera-outbreak • http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/potm/2005_9/Page2.htm • http://stylish-moms.com/?cat=142 • http://iuhuru.com/2010/11/cholera-kills-800-haiti/ • http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/africa/jan-june09/zimbabwe_01-14.html • http://centre.icddrb.org/news/index.jsp?idDetails=127&typeOfNews=News%20and%20Events • http://www.vabiotechvn.com/english/?act=sanphamin&code=detail&idcat=4&id=17 • http://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/object/news/52115/img/cholera%20hospital.jpg • http://www.ferret.com.au/c/CST-Wastewater-Solutions/CST-Wastewater-Solutions-inlet-screen-and-grit-removal-package-plant-deployed-at-Matamata-Piako-District-Council-n831901 • http://www.mediadump.com/hosted-id62-ten-filthiest-cities-in-the-world.html

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