Verbs – Forms and Uses

1. LOS VERBOSSusformas y usos Verbs – Forms and Uses

2. Verbs in Spanish • The idea of verbs in Spanish is the same as in English — however, the specifics of their use are more complex. • In Spanish, the form of the verb is dependent on who or what is performing the action and when it is being performed.

3. Verbs in Spanish • All verbs in Spanish belong to one of three different classes or types which are categorized by their ending. • These endings are: -ar -er -ir

4. Verbs in Spanish • Each set of ENDINGS is added to a STEMorROOT, which together make-up the INFINITIVE (No action being performed) form of the verb. Example: The verb hablar – to speak habl ar The stem The ending Infinitive Form

5. Definitions • Stem of the verb: The part of the verb that remains after the ending is removed. • Verb endings:Indicate the type or class of verb. • Infinitive form: It is the basic form of the verb, by itself conveying no information about the verb action.

6. Parts of the Verb:Every verb has 2 parts cant Let’s use the verb cantar as an example ending Infinitive Stem + = + cantar ar = Stem of the verb Verb ending

7. Conjugation • Verb conjugation refers to the process where the verb changes based on who or what is performing the action, and the relation of the verb to other parts of the sentence.

8. How Do We Conjugate? • Step 1: Drop the verb ending from the infinitive form of the verb. habl__ • Step 2: Add the new ending to the stem of the verb based on the person We will use the present tense of the verb hablar to demonstrate the conjugation process: See the example on next slide

9. How Do We Conjugate? • To tell who is doing the action, we must change the infinitive form of the verb. For example . . . the verb cant ar Yocant_muybien. (I sing very well.) o • This change is called conjugation.

10. Regular -ar Verb Endings Singular Plural -o -as -a -amos -áis -an

11. cantar cant ar + nosotros/ nosotras yo cant o amos cant vosotros/as (cantáis) tú cant as ellos, ellas, Uds. él, ella, Ud. cant a cant an

12. Regular –erVerb Endings Singular Plural -emos -éis -en -o -es -e

13. comer com + er yo com o emos nosotros nosotras com vosotrosvosotras tú com es (coméis) ellos, ellas, Uds. él, ella, Ud. com e com en

14. Regular -ir Verb Endings Singular Plural -o -es -e -imos -éis -en

15. vivir + viv ir nosotrosnosotras viv o yo viv imos vosotrosvosotras tú viv es (vivéis) él, ella, Ud. ellos, ellas, Uds. viv en viv e

16. Los pronombresPersonales Subject pronouns

17. Los PronombresPersonales(Subject pronouns) • The subjecttells who is doing the action in a sentence. • Marysings very well. • We can substitute Marywith a pronoun: • Shesings very well.

18. Los PronombresPersonales (Subject Pronouns) Singular Plural nosotros /nosotras yo We I vosotros /vosotras (only in Spain ) You (informal) tú él They (male.) ellos He ellas ella They female She usted ustedes You (formal) You (you all)

19. Vamos a practicar • The slides that follow will present you with practice exercises and questions. • Please try to work on your own. • Hold your questions until the teacher tells you that time has elapsed. • Begin when the teacher starts the next set of slides.

20. Write (conjugate) the forms of the verb PATINAR patin ar + nosotros/nosotras yo patino patinamos vosotros/vosotras patinas patinais tú él, ella, Usted ellos, ellas, Ustedes patina patinan Check your answers.

21. Complete the following sentences • Ella ______ en el parque. (correr) • Nosotros _________ en NJ. (vivir) • Juan y Miguel _______ la pizza. (comer) • Yo ________ merengue. (bailar) • ¿Quémúsica _________ tú? corre vivimos comen bailo escuchas

22. How do we say. . . in Spanish Practica: I sing in the shower. • Answer:Yocanto en el baño. • What if we want to say. . . She sing’s in Spanish. • Answer: Ella cantaen Español.

23. Conjugate the following verbs • escribir- to write • nadar - to swim • leer - to read • cocinar - to cook • pintar - to paint • aprender - to learn

24. ¿Tienen Preguntas?