Building

1. Building MEMORY Skills Presented by the Academic Resources Center American Studies Building 206 - Ext. 4024

2. http://youtube.com/watch?v=OTibQ_lzH3u Beautiful Minds http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lkDMaJ-wZmQ&feature=related

3. beautiful The MIND Weight: three pounds Design: most complex matter in the universe. Functions: through a combination of numerous processes and systems working together seamlessly. Presented by the Academic Resources Center American Studies Building 206 - Ext. 4024

4. U N S O L V E D mysteries 1. How is information coded in neural activity? 2. How are memories stored and retrieved? 3. What does the baseline activity in the brain represent? 4. How do brains simulate the future? 5. What are emotions? 6. What is intelligence? 7. How is time represented in the brain? 8. Why do brains sleep and dream? 9. How do the specialized systems of the brain integrate with one another? 10. What is consciousness? ? David Eagleman, DISCOVER Magazine http://discovermagazine.com/2007/aug/unsolved-brain-mysteries/article_view?b_start:int=2&-C=

5. We never forget! Do you believe that?

6. MEMORY: storage

7. GS 5LZ GS 5LZ . . . . . . . _ _ _ _ _ GS 5LZ . . . . _ _ _ _ _ Automated tape robot: 1 Terabyte of memory . . GS 5LZ . . . . . . . .

8. How much data is that? • Bytes (8 bits) 0.1 bytes: A single yes/no decision;1 byte: One character • Kilobyte     1,024 bytes; 210; Joke; (very) short story • Megabyte     1,048,576 bytes; 220; Small novel • Gigabyte     1,073,741,824 bytes; 230; Paper in the bed of a pickup; symphony in hi-fi sound; broadcast quality movie • Terabyte     1,099,511,627,776 or 240; Automated tape robot; all the X-ray films in a large technological hospital; 50,000 trees made into paper & printed • Petabyte     1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes or 250 • Exabyte     1,152,921,504,606,846,976 bytes or 260; 5 Exabytes: All words ever spoken by human beings. • Zettabyte     1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 bytes or 270 • Yottabyte     1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 bytes or 280

9. Journal of Evolution and Technology. 1998. Vol. 1 (Received Dec. 1997)Hans Moravec , Robotics Institute ,Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USAweb: http://www.frc.ri.cmu.edu/~hpm “The processing power and memory capacity necessary for AI machines to match general intellectual performance of the human brain is .. predicted to be available in cheap machines in the 2020s. "Robert Birge (Syracuse University) who studies the storage of data in proteins, estimated in 1996 that the capacity of the human brain was between one and ten terabytes, with a most likely value of 3 terabytes. Such estimates are generally based on counting neurons and assuming each neuron holds 1 bit. Current estimates of brain capacity range from 1 to 1000 terabytes! Also, the brain has better algorithms for compressing certain types of information than computers do." http://www.sizes.com/people/brain.htm When will computer hardware match the human brain?

10. Understanding Memory • Storing information properly: • The brain’s information retrieval system: association, repetition , rehearsal & mnemonic devices -“every good boy does fine? • Without rehearsal or use, information is forgotten.

11. Memory Exercise TIONINRSHPLEOEMUOLLECRAMAZIIXFOONZRGIAINTAOYAMF Take a sheet of paper and write down those letters in the order they appeared. Organization helps you maximize recall of information.

12. 3 Types of Memory • Sensory memory: gathered from 5 senses • Short-term (working) memory: limited to 5 – 9 separate facts • Long-term memory: you can store & retrieve anything.

13. The true art of memory is the art of attention.Samuel Johnson

14. Get organized Get active Pace yourself

15. Get Organized • Get motivated • Reduce interference • Be selective • Intend to remember

16. The key to good organization memory is ~ relationships concepts Mental Manipulation

17. Understand thoroughly what is to be • remembered and memorized. • Determine what is to be memorized verbatim. • (repeat/review/rehearse) • Create an interest in the material. • Study first the items you want to remember • longest. • Over learn to make certain. • Analyze material and strive to intensify the • impressions the material makes. • There is no subject that is inherently boring.

18. Make your own applications, examples, and illustrations. • Reduce the material to be remembered to your own self-made system or series of numbered steps. • Represent the idea graphically. • Form a variety of associations. • Teach it to someone else. • Write out examination questions. • Follow suggestions for reviewing.

19. Learn from the general to the specific TOPIC 3 2 1 a b a b a b

20. MIND mapping storage enhancing memory association repetition repetition repetition repetition exagerated read mneumonics recite acronymns act rehersal jingles

21. Get Active • Move around in your environment • Use graphics: • Draw • Visualize • Use flash cards • Read, write, recite, review • ARC tutoring

22. A A A B B B Which was the worst war in history? TOPIC TOPIC TOPIC  Casualties Damage toPlaces Long Term Damage to Society C C C Vietnam  World War I  World War II Use graphic organizers: http://www.graphic.org/concept.html Venn Diagram Double Cell Diagram B A C Matrix Cluster Diagram

23. “Add immense leverage to what you do by doing it again and again. Give great strength to your actions by persistently repeating them.” Ralph Marston

24. Enhancing Memory Through Comprehension

25. Using Mnemonic Devices(neh-mon-ick) • ACRONYMS: • LASER: • light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation • NATO: • North Atlantic Treaty Organization • SCUBA: • self-contained underwater breathing apparatus • RSVP: "repondez s'il vous plait“, FR

26. Mnemonics (contd.) 2. Mediation: A type of mnemonic device in which you form associations linking two items with a third: Peso “pay-so” One pays with money

27. Mnemonics (contd.) 3. Forming unusual exaggerated associations: Flashbulb memories (where were you when…?)

28. The Benefits of Exercise • Stimulates the senses • Releases stress • Improves sleep • Enhances digestion • Maintains strength • All of the above positively impact memory.

29. The Benefits of Exercise The Benefits of Exercise: contd. • Some evidence suggests that exercise is • particularly effective for short-term memory. • 20-minute daily walks may improve memory • performance.

30. Pace Yourself • Distribute learning • Over-learn • Use daylight • Got attitude? • Combine memory techniques • Avoid short-term memory lapse • Review

31. Procrastination Recognize self-defeating problems: fear and anxiety difficulty concentrating poor time management indecisiveness and perfectionism Identify your own goals: strengths and weaknesses, values and priorities Are your actions consistent with your values? Set realistic goals

32. Getting Motivated: • Nurture and develop enthusiasm and motivating self-talk • Set clear and achievable goals • Use strategies that support your learning efforts • Be Proactive and not Re-active. They make things happen! • Get positive! • Decide that you and your future are worth making the investment NOW! • Realize that every hour wasted today will significantly decrease your career success and earning potential later.

33. Manage time wisely Set priorities. Study in small blocks. Reward yourself. Modify your environment Eliminate or minimize noise/ distraction. Ensure adequate lighting. Have necessary equipment at hand. Don't get too comfortable when studying. A desk and straight-backed chair is usually. Be neat! Take a few minutes to straighten your desk. Motivate yourself to study Expect success Try to study in small groups. Break large assignments into small tasks. Keep a reminder schedule and checklist.

34. Use It or Lose It! REVIEW, REVIEW, REVIEW, REVIEW

35. Dr. Bost Dr. Bost TUTORING SUPPLEMENTAL INSTRUCTION (SI) LEARNING SKILLS ASSESSMENT LEARNING STYLES ASSESSMENT LEARNING SEMINARS ACADEMIC COUNSELING TIME MANAGEMENT JOB APPLICATIONS See Dr. Bost Academic Resources Center AMST 206A - Ext. 4024